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The path of the Warlord Banksters is complex and has been hidden by obfuscation, deceit, and subterfuge to obscure the truth and protect a small group of banking families whose scams have fleeced every nation on earth and hidden the loot in offshore tax havens that hold the stolen wealth of the world. These elite banking families own the controlling interests in the Fortune 500 companies through asset management companies, shill corporations, offshore accounts, and a thousand other “old banking tricks” that have been used since the time of King Hammurabi of Babylon. The Italian, Jewish, German, and Lombard bankers of Venice used the same old tricks of the “father of lies” to create privately owned central banking systems that are used to this day in most countries and still owned by the same self-aggrandizing banking families.

Greed, known as the evil demon “Mammon”, hasn’t changed his ways since the cut-throat machinations of the Medici bankers laid down the principals of corporate warlord banking that are inherently immoral and work against human advancement by engendering war, predatory banking, and economic slavery.

Ultimately, these “usury bankers” convinced governments to lock people up for not paying back loans on time. “Debtor’s Prison” was the outcropping of banking families, later called merchant bankers, controlling governments and economies that reached beyond “national” limitations. As commerce, trade, and mercantilism took over the world, bankers continued to have the upper hand and indeed made and destroyed kings and kingdoms with loans from their family banks. These families became corporate lineages that are still in power throughout the world today and associate through the Pilgrims Society, World Economic Forum, IMF, World Bank, BIS, and many secret cabals, like: the Vatican and British Knights of Malta, CFR, RIIA, the United Nations, and many other elite globalist groups.

The Inventors of Bank Fraud and the Demise of Babylon

Money was first developed in the ancient world in temples that kept track of the storage of grain and food for the next season, which was initially a good and moral intention that charged no service fee or interest. Coins and money were developed to represent the value of human labor and stored resources. Eventually, temples began to use their excess grain stores, and hard coins, to make loans to others as investments. This money was used for the benefit of the group, not the personal gain of the individual. When the control of money left the domain of the temple, the positive uses for surplus grain and coin were “turned to the dark-side”, and demons began fighting with the gods of the temple for the control of money and the lives of the people. Until we have the full picture of the evolution of money (Mammon), we will be unconsciously subject to these powerful demonic forces that are controlling our personal and global economic lives. 

The story of money in the Western world begins around 2000 BC when the Babylonians had evolved into a highly developed commercialized society, complete with a sophisticated monetary and credit system. Barley and silver functioned side by side in a dual monetary system that made use of both as mediums of exchange and standards of value. Historically, barley preceded silver as the chief form of currency. A legal ratio established the value of silver in terms of barley and vice versa. Creditors accepted payments in either silver or barley, depending upon a debtor’s preference. Silver grew in importance relative to barley, and later Babylonian gold became a competing metal currency.

The Code of Hammurabi (2123-2108 BC) specified grain money for certain payments and metal for others. Merchants who insisted upon payment in the wrong currency could face severe penalties. The standard monetary unit was a shekel, equal to 180 grains of barley, or a fixed weight of silver. Silver was melted into small ingots that circulated as money and was usually tested for fineness at each transaction. Some of the ingots bore the image or super-scription of the god whose temple guaranteed the fineness of the silver.

Temples lent goods from their stores for repayment in-kind as a general practice. These loans charged no interest as long as they were repaid on time. Some merchants carried on a banking business of sorts, making loans in silver and grain, and holding deposits of customers that earned interest. These customers could pay obligations by writing drafts on these deposits. The statutory rate of interest was 20 percent, but silver loans often earned 25 percent and grain loans more than 33 percent. Bills of exchange were carved on clay tablets.

It is believed that traders began marking their own shekels in order to avoid the time-consuming process of weighing each transaction. Merchants who “issued” their own shekels could then trade them to patrons as IOUs. Any returning customers could then trade the marked shekel for a quantity of goods or services and the merchant would know that their standard weight secured the payment. This method eventually developed into a coinage system where rulers and states developed their own sovereign currency as a standard for exchange.

Babylonian Banking

Since land was such an essential part of Babylonian life, banking firms at the time were heavily involved in real estate matters. Banking firms like the House of Egibi acted as land managers, renting fields for absentee landlords, while other firms dealt strictly with royal-owned lands. For example, the House of Murashu, operating in the last half of the 5th Century BC, became successful by “renting royal lands to tenant farmers and acting as agents in converting agriculture profits into metal.”

With prosperity came merchant bankers and a larger sector of the population participating in commercial and financial operations, whose transactions were based on a silver standard and modeled on promissory notes.

Contracts were written including a notarization by witnesses with the location and date. Goods would be weighed in silver and totaled for an amount payable which could be loaned to the purchaser. After a debt was repaid, the creditor would break the promissory clay tablet.

Private Babylonian banks also supported venture capitalists seeking commercial enterprises. A group of investors would pool their resources and give the capital to an individual to carry out commercial transactions to make a profit that would be divided among the initial investors, thus the model for corporations came into being.

In Babylon, at the time of Hammurabi, there are records of loans made by the priests of the temple. Temples took in donations and tax revenue and amassed great wealth. They redistributed these goods to people in need such as widows, orphans, and the poor and allowed people to take interest-bearing loans. The loans were made at reduced below-market interest rates. Sometimes arrangements were made to make food donations to the temple instead of repaying interest.

Once these systems of usury were established and the grip of Mammon was creating a cultural transformation based upon money, people naturally fell into debt and became slaves to pay off their debt.

The debtor being imprisoned for debt could nominate his wife, a child, or slave to work off the debt. The situation got so out of hand that King Hammurabi decreed that no one could be enslaved for more than three years for debt. Other cities, with residents racked by debt, issued moratoriums on all outstanding bills. The worship of Mammon was taking hold of the cultures that embraced usury and focused on “money that makes money from no labor” – evil usury.

During the 5th century BC, “Warlord Banking Families” came into existence in Babylon in their initial form; the Houses of Egibi, Murashu, Ea-iluta-bani, and Borsippa were such banking families. These “banksters” were classified as “merchant bankers” but should be seen as worshipers of Mammon who turned culture significantly toward materialism and belief in greed and harmed and killed many people in the process. 

Mammon – the Devil Behind Money

Mammon in the New Testament of the Bible is commonly thought to mean money, material wealth, or any entity or devil that promises wealth and is associated with the greedy pursuit of personal gain and self-aggrandizement. In the Middle Ages, Mammon was often personified as a demon and sometimes included in the seven princes of Hell who govern the “Seven Deadly Sins.” Mammon in Hebrew means “money” and is the god of material things, essentially the “materialism” of our time that seems to control most Westerners.

The Seven Deadly Sins lead to Hell, and Mammon is seen as one of the most powerful demons who herds humanity on the paths of perdition.

The Seven Deadly Sins and their accompanying demons are often listed as:

Lucifer: Pride

Mammon: Greed

Asmodeus: Lust

Leviathan: Envy

Beelzebub: Gluttony

Satan: Wrath

Belphegor: Sloth

The word mammon can denote wealth or profit in the original Syriac dialect but also is the name of a Syrian deity who was the god of riches. The Mishnaic Hebrew word mamôn means money, wealth, possessions, and “that in which one trusts.”

Eventually, due to the Christian injunction against charging interest for money that is loaned to another person (usury), the entire idea of money (mammon) became a pejorative, a term that was used to describe pride, greed, gluttony, excessive materialism, and unjust worldly gain. The “worship” of money was seen as a sin, and the work of the demon of greed, Mammon. Later, money becomes synonymous with hellish intent and bondage to the physical world which leads humans into the dark realms; therefore, Christians were warned to stay away from practices of usury and the glorification of Mammon. It was a common belief that usury is the work of the devil and certainly not fit for a Christian. A Christian should be faithful with “another” and help them out of love, not for the purposes of money mongering for personal gain. The Christian is careful not to be contaminated by the “unrighteousness” of wealth and money and the lure of Mammon.

The appearance of the demon of money and greed has changed over time. Mammon is now a card credit or a PIN for your bank account, check, cash, Bitcoin, direct deposit, or a debit or credit to your account digitally. The materialism that created Mammon is so engrained in Westerners that it is subconscious background noise that is seldom noticed. Mammon rules the human will-power through tax-debt slavery, technological assaults on human lifestyles, and control of human addictions. The Seven Deadly Sins are found in most Hollywood productions and the path to Hell is like a red carpet rolled out for “warlord bankers and brokers” who lavish themselves in the pride of greed, gluttony, lust, hatred, and war. Mammon is global big-business, and the banking families aren’t giving up any money without good returns on their investments, onerous usury, and global control of the flow of money.

It is probably fair to say that most Westerners are either overwhelmed with this system of Mammon or are blissfully ignorant and wallowing in the pigsty of materialism. It is a comfortable mud-hole with scraps from the bankster elites to please the middle-class palette. Since Westerners have little understanding of the true history of the world, there is little or no understanding of the economic system of control that got us to this current insane, economically controlled world where America owes banking families $25 trillion in debt through the U. S. Federal Reserve which creates continuous onerous debt that can never be paid off. Ever rising debt is the usual method that banksters (economic gangsters) use to control entire countries through war debt — wars that the warmongering banksters often help to create.

Warlord Bankers

The first “modern” bank was established in Venice with a guarantee from the State in 1157 AD and operated until 1797 acting in the interest of the Crusaders of Pope Urban the Second. This activity developed into the Bank of Venice, with an initial capital of 5,000,000 ducats. This bank was the first national bank to have been established within the boundaries of Europe.

In the middle of the 13th Century, when certain rich Italian families saw the profits that the Venetian banking families were making, groups of Italian Christians, particularly the Cahorsins and Lombards, invented “legal fictions” to get around the ban on Christian usury. One method of Christians effecting a loan with interest without calling it usury was to offer money without interest, but also require that the loan is insured against possible loss or injury, and/or delays in repayment. The Christians effecting these legal fictions became known as the Pope’s Usurers and reduced the importance of the Venetian and Italian Jews to European monarchs. 

The most powerful Italian warlord banking families came from Florence, including the Acciaiuoli, Mozzi, Bardi, and Peruzzi families, which established branches throughout Europe. Probably the most famous Italian bank was the Medici bank, set up by Giovanni di Bicci de’ Medici in 1397 and continuing until 1494.

The spread of Italian bankers into Europe was dramatic. By 1327, Avignon, France, had 43 branches of Italian banking houses. The accompanying growth of Italian banking in France was the start of the Lombard moneychangers in Europe, who moved from city to city along the busy pilgrim routes important for trade. By the later Middle Ages, Christian merchants who lent money with interest were without opposition, and the Jews lost their privileged position as moneylenders.

After 1400, political forces turned against the methods of the Italian free enterprise bankers and in 1401, King Martin I of Aragon had some of these bankers expelled. In 1403, Henry IV of England prohibited them from taking profits in any way in his kingdom. In 1409, Flanders imprisoned and then expelled Genoese bankers. In 1410, all Italian merchants were expelled from Paris.

Later, when modern banking practices became widespread, the Italian banking families became prominent again, especially between 1527 and 1572 when Italy produced a number of important banking family groups: the Grimaldi, Spinola, Pallavicino, Doria, Pinelli and Lomellini.

The Bardi, Peruzzi, and Acciaiuouli family banks, along with other large banks in Florence and Siena in particular, were all founded in the years around 1250. In the 1290s they grew dramatically in size and rapaciousness, and were reorganized, by the influx of new partners. These were “Black Guelph” noble families, of the factions of northern Italian landed aristocracy, were always bitterly hostile to the government of the Holy Roman Empire. Charlemagne, 500 years earlier, had already recognized Venice as a threat equal to the Vikings, and had organized a boycott to try to bring Venice to terms with his Empire. Venice in 1300 was the center of the Black Guelph faction which drove Dante and his co-thinkers from Florence. Machiavelli describes how by 1308, the Black Guelph ruled everywhere in northern Italy except in Milan, which remained allied with the Holy Roman Empire, and was the most economically developed and powerful city-state in fourteenth century Italy.

The charter of the Parte Guelfa openly claimed that it was the party of the papacy, and with Venice, the Black Guelph openly pushed for the Popes to change usury from a mortal sin to a venial sin. The Venetians seemed to enjoy an effective exemption from the Catholic Popes injunctions against usury, and also from their ban on trading with the infidel — the Seljuk and Mamluk regimes of Egypt and Syria.

A century earlier, in the 1180s, Doge (Duke) Ziani of Venice had Emperor Frederick agree to withdraw his standard silver coinage from Italy and allow the Italian cities to mint their own coins. Over the century from the 1183 Peace of Constance to the 1290s, Venice established the extraordinary, near-total dominance of trading in gold and silver coin and bullion throughout Europe and Asia.

The Black Guelph bankers of Florence did not simply loan money to monarchs and then expect repayment with interest, because interest was often “officially” not charged on the loans, since usury was considered a sin and a crime among Christians. The primary conditionality was the pledging of royal revenues directly to the bankers — the clearest sign that the monarchs lacked national sovereignty against the Black Guelph “privateers.” Since in fourteenth century Europe important commodities like food, wool, clothing, salt, iron, etc. were produced only under royal license and taxation, bank control of royal revenue led to, first, private monopolization of production of these commodities, and second, the banks’ “privatization” and control of the functions of royal government itself.

By 1325, the Peruzzi bank owned all of the revenues of the Kingdom of Naples (the entire southern half of Italy, the most productive grain belt of the entire Mediterranean area); they recruited and ran King Robert of Naples’ army, collected his duties and taxes, appointed the officials of his government, and above everything sold all the grain from his kingdom. They egged Robert on to continual wars to conquer Sicily, because through Spain, Sicily was allied with the Holy Roman Empire. Thus, Sicily’s grain production, which the Peruzzi did not control, was reduced by war.

King Robert’s Anjou relatives, the Kings of Hungary, had their realm similarly “privatized” by the Florentine banks in the same period. In France, the Peruzzi were the cooperating bank of the bankers to King Philip IV. The Bardi and Peruzzi banks, “privatized” the revenues of Edward II and Edward III of England, paid the King’s budget, and monopolized the sales of English wool.

When King Edward tried forbidding Italian merchants and bankers from expatriating their profits from England, they converted their profits into wool and stored huge amounts of wool at the monasteries of the Order of Knights Hospitalers, who were their debtors, political allies, and partners in the monopolization of the wool trade. It was the Bardi’s representatives who proposed to Edward III the wool boycott which destroyed the textile industry of Flanders.

Large revenue flows came to the Vatican in the collection of its church contributions and tithes. Under John XXII, the Black Guelph Pope from 1316-1336, papal tithes sky-rocketed reaching the apparent value of 250,000 gold florins per year. All were collected by agents of the Venetian banks (for France, the largest source of papal revenue) and the Bardi Bank (for everywhere else in Europe except Germany). They charged the Vatican sizable “exchange fees” to transfer the collections.

Only the Venice-allied bankers had the reserves of cash to finance papal operations. They transferred collections from Europe and loaned them to the Popes in advance. Thus, Venice controlled the papal credit and the continuing hostilities between the papacy and the Holy Roman Emperors.

In the Italian city-states themselves, the early years of the fourteenth century saw the assignment of more and more of the revenues of the primary taxes to the bankers and other Guelph Party bondholders. From about 1315, the Guelph abolished the income taxes in the city, but increased them on the surrounding rural areas into which they expanded their authority. The bankers, merchants, and wealthy Guelph aristocrats did not pay taxes, but instead, they made loans to the city and governments.

Some of the famous banks of Tuscany had failed already in the 1320s: the Asti of Siena, the Franzezi, the Scali company of Florence. In the 1330s, the biggest banks, with the exception of the Bardi, the Peruzzi, Acciaiuoli and Buonacorsi, were losing money and plunging toward bankruptcy with the fall in production of the vital commodities which they had monopolized. The Acciaiuoli and the Buonacorsi, who had been bankers of the Vatican before it left Rome, went bankrupt in 1342 with the default of the city of Florence and the first defaults of Edward III. The Peruzzi and Bardi, the world’s two largest banks, went under in 1345, leaving the entire financial market of Europe and the Mediterranean shattered with the exception of the much smaller Hanseatic League bankers of Germany, who had never allowed the Italian banks and merchant companies to enter their cities.

Venice, the World’s Mint

Between 1250 and 1350, Venetian financiers built up a worldwide financial speculation in currencies and gold and silver bullion. This ultimately dwarfed and controlled the speculation in debt, commodities, and trade of the Bardi, Peruzzi, and the other banking families took all control of coinage and currency from the monarchs of the time.

The Venetian financial oligarchy as a whole, which ruled a maritime empire through small executive committees under the guise of a republic, centralized and supported its own speculative activities as a whole. The “Republic” built the ships and auctioned them to the merchants; escorted them with large, well-armed naval convoys of their empire, with naval commanders responsible to the Venetian “Committee of Ten” and the magistrates for the convoys’ safety. This same oligarchy maintained several public mints and did everything possible to foster the centralization of gold and silver trading and coinage in Venice which was the dominant trade of Venice by 1310. The Venetian banks and bullion-dealers were backed by large pools of capital and protection and worked out of the Cathedral of San Marcos’ Grain Office and the Procurators of San Marcos who controlled the collection of the taxes of the Republic.

The size of the Venetian bullion trade was huge: twice a year a “bullion fleet” of up to 20-30 ships under heavy naval convoy, sailed from Venice to the eastern Mediterranean coast or to Egypt, bearing primarily silver; and sailed back to Venice bearing mainly gold, including all kinds of coinage, bars, leaf, etc. The profits of this trade put usury to shame.

The Christian Crusades (the first in 1099, the seventh and last major one in 1291) had only one strategic effect: expanding and strengthening the maritime commercial empire of Venice to the East. Venice provided the ships to take the crusaders to the Middle East; Venice loaned them money, and Venetian Doges often told them what cities to try to capture or sack. Through the crusades, Venice gained effective control of the cities of Tyre, Sidon, and Acre in Lebanon and Lajazzo in Turkey, and strengthened its domination of commerce through Constantinople. These were the coastal entry-points through the Black Sea and Caspian Sea regions to China and India.

The strategic alliance between Venice and the Mongol Khans gave Venice huge amounts of gold with which to dominate world currency trading for decades. Mongol middlemen met Venetian merchants at the Mongol-ruled Persian trading cities of Tabriz, Trebizond, and Tana trading gold for silver from Europe. A large-scale trade in slaves from Mongol domains was associated with this currency trading. The Venetians were able to raise the price of silver despite the existence of record quantities coming to Venice from Europe. The crusades also consolidated the alliance of Venice and its allied Black Guelph-ruled cities, the Papacy, and the Norman and Anjou kings   against the Holy Roman Empire centered in Germany.

In the late thirteenth and fourteenth centuries, Venice provided all the coinage and currency exchange for the largest empire in history, which was looting and destroying the populations under its rule. Venice had taken over the currency trading and coining of what remained of the Byzantine Empire. Venice, over this period, took the East off a gold standard and put it on a silver standard. It took Byzantium and Europe off a 500-year-old silver standard and put them on gold standards.

The Venetian financiers and merchants were making annual rates of profit of up to 40 percent on very large, overwhelmingly short-term (six-month) investments. Venice ensnared all the surrounding economies, including the German economy where production of silver, iron, and iron implements was concentrated. By the 1320s, Venetian merchants no longer travelled to Germany to trade. They compelled German producers and merchants to come to Venice and take up lodgings in the “Warehouse of the Germans” where their goods were stored for sale. Venetian bankers on the Rialto (del Banco) made cashless bank transfers among merchants’ accounts, allowed overdrafts, gave credit lines on the spot, created “bank money,” and then speculated with it. They did this out of thin air by simply controlling currency speculation worldwide because they controlled the currency and had the reserves to back it up.

The Rialto bankers charged fees to those involved in trade because exchanging currencies might be involved in a transaction. These exchange fees were taken out of production and trade costs that hurt profits while the usury profits made the bankers ever richer. Then, the bankers made the “bills of exchange” even more expensive, to hedge against their own potential losses in currency fluctuations being manipulated by Venetian bullion merchants. Thus, bills of exchange in the fourteenth century cost 14 percent on average, worse than borrowing money at the set interest rate. Ultimately, the Rialto del Bancos always gained more wealth from every deal, until of course, they went bankrupt.

Venice switched Europe to gold by looting silver. England, for example, from 1300-1309 imported 90,000 pounds sterling in silver for coining; but from 1330-1339, it was only able to import 1,000 pounds. But in Venice there was no lack of silver at all in the 1330s. The Florentine bankers, with their famous gold florin, enjoyed great speculative profits in this currency scam.

After 1400, political forces turned against the methods of the Italian “free enterprise” merchant bankers. In 1401, King Martin I of Aragon (Spain) expelled them. In 1403, Henry IV of England prohibited them from taking profits in any way in his kingdom. In 1409, Flanders imprisoned and then expelled Genoese bankers. In 1410, all Italian merchants were expelled from Paris. When Louis XI became King of France in 1461, he organized national forces to make it the first strong and sovereign nation state. Along with the development of ports, roads, and support for the cities, Louis XI insisted on a single, standard national currency, created and controlled by the crown. For both Louis XI and England’s Henry VII in the same period, mercantilist forms of economic nationalism were combined with a pronounced hostility to Italian techniques of credit and clearing.

Italian Banksters Flee to Germany

In Germany, we find many Italian banking families migrating to Hamburg and becoming the hidden money behind the Hanseatic League, an early trading company that used Spanish and Portuguese merchant sailors in the lucrative spice and slave trade. These early unions of rich bankers investing in trade became the basis for what would become corporations like the Dutch and British East India companies and the model for European central banks. In southern Germany, two great banking families emerged in the 15th Century, the Fuggers and the Welsers. They basically came to control much of the European economy and dominated international high finance in the 16th Century. The Fugger Bank lasted from 1486 to 1647 and Jacob “the rich” Fugger (originally spelled “Fucker”) became the richest man in history.

Also important to the Northern German city states establishing powerful banks was the influence of Dutch bankers. Berenberg Bank is the oldest bank in Germany and the world’s second oldest bank, established in 1590 by Dutch brothers Hans and Paul Berenberg in Hamburg. The bank is still owned by the Berenberg banking family.

Throughout the 17th Century, precious metals from the New World, Japan, and other locales were being channeled into the Bank of Amsterdam. The Netherlands attracted coin and bullion to be deposited in their banks until they became a leading force of banking. The concepts of fractional-reserve banking and payment systems were developed and spread to Germany, England, and elsewhere from Holland.

In the City of London, the London Royal Exchange was established in 1565. By the end of the 16th Century and during the 17th, the traditional banking functions of accepting deposits, moneylending, money-changing, and transferring funds were combined with the issuance of bank debt that served as a substitute for gold and silver coins. This would lead to government regulations and the first central banks in Europe. The success of the new banking techniques and practices in Amsterdam and London helped spread the concepts and ideas elsewhere in Europe. The convenience of modern banking was becoming such a way of life that the modern person couldn’t really exist without a bank account. Thus, the grip of Mammon became stronger and yet more unconscious as banking practices entered daily life more and more.

Modern Banking

The original modern banks were “merchant banks” that Italian grain merchants invented in the Middle Ages. As Lombard merchants and bankers grew in stature, based on the strength of the Lombard plains cereal crops, many displaced Jews fleeing Spanish persecution were attracted to the trade of banking in Italy.

Jews could not hold land in Italy, so they entered the great trading piazzas and halls of Lombardy, alongside local traders, and set up their benches (bancos) to trade in crops. They had one great advantage over the locals. Christians were strictly forbidden the sin of usury, defined as lending at interest. The Jewish newcomers, on the other hand, could lend to farmers against crops in the field, a high-risk loan at what would have been considered usurious rates by the Church; but the Jews were not subject to the Church’s dictates. In this way, they could secure the grain-sale rights against the eventual harvest. They then began to advance payment against the future delivery of grain shipped to distant ports. In both cases they made their profit from the present discount against the future price. This two-handed trade was time-consuming and soon there arose a class of merchants who were trading grain debt instead of grain.

The Jewish trader performed both financing (credit) and underwriting (insurance) functions. Financing took the form of a crop loan at the beginning of the growing season, which allowed a farmer to cultivate his annual crop. Underwriting in the form of a crop (commodity) insurance guaranteed the delivery of the crop to its buyer, typically a merchant wholesaler.

Merchant banking progressed from financing trade on one’s own behalf to settling trades for others and then to holding deposits for settlement of a “billette” or note written by the people who were still brokering the actual grain. And so, the merchant’s “benches” (banco-bank) in the great grain markets became centers for holding money against a bill. These deposited funds were intended to be held for the settlement of grain trades, but often were used for the bench’s (bank’s) own trades in the meantime through loans with high rates of interest. The broadening of merchant banker’s powers caused an imbalance in wealth that led the rich to lock-up the poor and bankers to turn the wheels of commerce into the gears of war. 

In the 12th Century, the need to transfer large sums of money to finance the crusades stimulated the re-emergence of banking in western Europe. In 1162, Henry II of England levied a tax to support the crusades. The Templars and Hospitallers acted as Henry’s bankers in the Holy Land. The Templars’ large land holdings across Europe also emerged in the 1100–1300 timeframe as the beginning of Europe-wide banking, as their practice was to take in local currency, for which a demand note would be given that would be good at any of their castles across Europe and the Levant, allowing movement of money without the usual risk of robbery while traveling.

The Crusades became the platform for merchant banking families to become Warlord Banking Families, who are still fomenting war to this day so that they might benefit by loaning money to both sides of the war and make a handsome profit. Then, once the victor is known, the Warlord Bankers set up a central banking system to create currency that enslaves the victims of the war to a debt that can never be paid off. This central banking system assures that the “money” of a country or people becomes part of the larger system of Mammon worship that desires to have complete economic control of the world – hegemony, the ultimate outcome of greed.

A Timeline of Warlord Banking Families

It is instructive to have a glossary of the Warlord Banking Families founders and early members to see that it truly is only a very few families that began the wholesale takeover of banking throughout the world. To understand history, we need a timeline of biographies, not just dates and times of historical events. Once we know the usual culprits, many pieces of the globalist’s puzzle fall into place.

Below are some of the European bankers who spread to America and infected the U. S. Federal Reserve with the same predatory banking practices that have been inspired by Mammon worship since ancient Babylon. You will recognize many of these bankers because their names come up as the money behind most “conspiracy theories.” Unfortunately, the City of London and its power is no conspiracy theory and the Warlord Bankers and Brokers who prey on nations for personal gain still have the upper hand and maintain economic slavery over most of the globe. 

Famous Warlord Banksters – Most Wanted List

Acciaiuoli and Buonacorsi International Banks had been bankers of the Vatican before they left Rome and went bankrupt in 1342 with the default of the city of Florence and the first defaults of Edward III. The Peruzzi and Bardi, the world’s two largest banks, went under in 1345, leaving the entire financial market of Europe and the Mediterranean shattered, with the exception of the much smaller Hanseatic League bankers of Germany, who had never allowed the Italian banks and merchant companies to enter their cities.

Jakob Fugger (1459-1525) also known as Jakob Fugger the Rich or sometimes Jakob II, was a major merchant, mining entrepreneur, and banker of Europe. He was a descendant of the Fugger merchant family. He is considered to be the richest person in history.

Francesco Zorzi (Francesco Giorgi Veneto, 1466-1540) was an Italian Franciscan friar and author of the work De harmonia mundi totius (1525). The Cambridge History of Renaissance Philosophy describes him as ‘idiosyncratic’ and his works emboldened Italian banking families to dominate economic markets throughout Europe for centuries and justify their evil through the Church’s own philosophy. Zorzi’s influence cannot be overstated for he was quoted continuously by the Venetian school of central bankers who essentially came to control European economics.

Gasparo Contarini (1483-1542) was an Italian diplomat, cardinal, and Bishop of Belluno. He was born in Venice of the ancient noble House of Contarini. Contarini is one of the founding families of Venice and one of the oldest families of the Italian Nobility. In total, eight Doges to the Republic of Venice emerged from this family, as well as 44 Procurators (bankers) of San Marco, numerous ambassadors, diplomats, and other notables. Among the ruling families of the Republic, they held the most seats in the Great Council of Venice.

Anselmo Banco (Asher Levi Meshullam, d. 1532) was considered the Father of the Warburg family and was the acknowledged head of the Jewish community in Venice. Owner of several loan-banks in the Venetian territories, Anselmo took refuge in Venice (from which the Jews had been hitherto excluded) when Padua was sacked by troops of the League of the Cambrai in 1509. From then on, he acted as spokesman for Venetian Jewry and was largely responsible for securing rights of residence and taxation. He represented the community also in 1516 when the senate decided to establish a ghetto. He was also involved with the Jewish community of Jerusalem, sending money and helping those who sailed there from Venice. He corresponded with the famous kabbalist Abraham ha-Levi of Jerusalem on messianic subjects. The family members were proprietors of one of the seven Venetian synagogues, known as the Scuola Meshulamim. Some of their descendants settled in Warburg and Hamburg and were among the ancestors of the Warburg family.

Sir Horatio Pallavicini (1540-1600) was the son of an Italian merchant who was recommended to Queen Mary and appointed Collector of Papal Taxes. He abjured Romanism on Mary’s death and appropriated the sums collected for the Pope. He lent large sums of money to Queen Elizabeth as well as to the Netherlands and Henry of Navarre and was knighted by Queen Elizabeth I in 1579. His first son, Sir Henry, married Jane Cromwell while his other son Tobias married Catherine Cromwell. His daughter married Henry Cromwell, son of Oliver Cromwell. The power and influence of the Pallavicini banking family in England was extraordinary for hundreds of years and still has a tremendous influence as one of richest, and least known, Italian banking families still operative today.

Paolo Sarpi (1552-1623) was an Italian historian, prelate, scientist, canon lawyer, and statesman active on behalf of the Venetian Republic during the period of its successful defiance of the papal interdict and its war with Austria. He was one of the first and best propagandist. He published several pamphlets in defense of Venice’s rights over the Adriatic and the spread of the Venetian central banking system as a superior form of economics, government, and rulership.

Hans and Paul Berenberg founded the Berenberg Bank in Hamburg in 1590. Both brothers were Dutch refugees who joined the Hanseatic League. Berenberg Bank is the world’s oldest surviving merchant bank. The Berenberg banking family became extinct in the male line with Elisabeth Berenberg (1749-1822); she was married to Johann Hinrich Gossler, who became a co-owner of the bank in 1769. From the late 18th century, the Gossler family, as owners of Berenberg Bank, rose to great prominence in Hamburg, and was widely considered one of Hamburg’s two most prominent families.

Issachar Berend Lehmann (1661-1730) – was a German banker, merchant, diplomatic agent as well as army and mint contractor working as a court Jew for Elector Augustus II the Strong of Saxony, King of Poland, and other German princes. He was privileged as a Court Jew and as a Resident. Thanks to his wealth, privileges as well as social and cultural commitment he was a Jewish dignitary famous in his day in Central and Eastern Europe.

John Barker, Esq (1707-1787) was the Governor of the Crown-chartered monopoly London Assurance Company, secretly provided the capital to provision both the Continental and French Armies, then the capital to create Bank of North America (1781), Bank of New York (1784) and First Bank of the United States (1791) – all with Alexander Hamilton’s cooperation.

Barclays is a British multinational universal bank (1736), headquartered in London, England. Barclays operates as two divisions, Barclays UK and Barclays International, supported by a service company, Barclays Execution Services. Barclays traces its origins to the goldsmith banking business established in the City of London in 1690. James Barclay became a partner in the business in 1736. David and Alexander Barclay were engaged in the slave trade in 1756. In 1896, several banks in London and the English provinces, including Goslings Bank, Backhouse’s Bank and Gurney’s Bank, united as a joint-stock bank under the name Barclays and Co. Over the following years, Barclays expanded to become an international bank. Barclays has made numerous corporate acquisitions including Lehman Brothers in 2008.

Francis Baring (1740–1810) was a director of the British East India Company and founded Barings Bank in 1783. His sister Elizabeth married John Dunning who was a good friend of Lord Shelburne. Francis’ son Alexander, who married Ann Bingham, the granddaughter of Thomas Willing, formed Sun Alliance Assurance with Nathan Mayer Rothschild in 1824. The Barings were involved in running opium and slaves. Barings owned a slave plantation, and directed The British East India Company through Francis Baring, and The Bank of England through Alexander Baring. Alexander negotiated and financed The Louisiana Purchase. Barings financed the annexation of Texas from Mexico, and the purchase of Alaska from Russia. Barings financed Lincoln’s Ironclads ships and arms – essentially, arms dealers. Ultimately, HSBC was founded in 1866.

Mayer Amschel Rothschild (1744-1812) was a German banker and the founder of the Rothschild banking dynasty, which is believed to have become the wealthiest family in human history. He is often referred to as the “founding father” of the Rothschild banking dynasty.

John Barker Church (1748-1818) was also known as John Carter, a British Crown Agent handling and bankrolling Alexander Hamilton’s control of first U.S. banks: Bank of North America, First Bank of the United States, and Manhattan Company. He also bankrolled the commissary of the Continental and French Armies; his uncle was John Barker, Governor of the Crown-chartered London Assurance Company, the shipping insurance monopolist worldwide.

and slave owner of French origin. He personally saved the U.S. government from financial collapse during the War of 1812 and became one of the wealthiest people in America, estimated to have been the fourth richest American of all time. After the charter for the First Bank of the United States expired in 1811, Girard purchased most of its stock and its facilities on South Third Street in Philadelphia and reestablished it under his direct personal ownership. Philadelphia banks balked at accepting the notes that Girard issued on his personal credit and lobbied the state to force him to incorporate without success. Girard’s Bank was the principal source of government credit during the War of 1812. Girard placed nearly all of his resources at the disposal of the government and underwrote up to 95 percent of the war loan. After the war, he became a large stockholder in and one of the directors of the Second Bank of the United States. Girard’s bank ceased operations upon his death. Philadelphia businessmen, eager to cash in on Girard’s reputation opened a bank called the Girard Trust Company, and later Girard Bank. It merged with Mellon Bank in 1983 and was largely sold to Citizens Bank two decades later.

Alexander Hamilton (1755-1804) orchestrated British control of American banking from the inception of the republic. With Rothschild financing, Hamilton founded two New York banks including Bank of New York. He died in a gun battle with Aaron Burr, who founded Bank of Manhattan with Kuhn Loeb financing. Hamilton was the first in a series of banksters to hold the key position of Treasury Secretary.

In recent times Kennedy Treasury Secretary Douglas Dillon came from Dillon Read (UBS Warburg). Nixon Treasury Secretaries David Kennedy and William Simon came from Continental Illinois Bank (Bank of America) and Salomon Brothers (Citigroup). Carter Treasury Secretary Michael Blumenthal came from Goldman Sachs, Reagan Treasury Secretary Donald Regan came from Merrill Lynch (Bank of America), Bush Sr. Treasury Secretary Nicholas Brady came from Dillon Read (UBS Warburg) and both Clinton Treasury Secretary Robert Rubin and Bush Jr. Treasury Secretary Henry Paulson came from Goldman Sachs.

Aaron Burr, Jr. (1756-1836) was a British intelligence agent who became the U.S. Vice President (1801-1805) under Thomas Jefferson and co-founded the Manhattan Company with Alexander Hamilton and John Barker Church. Burr shot and killed (murdered) Hamilton in a duel on July 11, 1804.

Amschel Mayer Rothschild (1773-1855) was a German Jewish banker of the Rothschild family banking dynasty. He was the second child and eldest son of Mayer Amschel Rothschild, the founder of the dynasty.

Salomon Mayer von Rothschild (1774-1855) was a German-born banker who founded the Austrian branch of the prominent Rothschild family in Vienna, in 1820 by establishing the bank, S. M. von Rothschild.

Nathan Mayer Rothschild (1777-1836) was an German-English banker, businessman and financier. Born in Frankfurt am Main in Germany, he was the third of the five sons of Mayer Amschel Rothschild, and was of the second generation of the Rothschild banking dynasty. In 1798, Nathan was sent to England to further the family interests in textile importing with £20,000 capital (equivalent of £2.2 million). Nathan became a naturalized citizen in 1804 and established a bank in the City of London – N. M. Rothschild & Sons.

Carl Mayer von Rothschild (1788-1855) was a German-born banker in the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies and the founder of the Rothschild banking family of Naples.

Bank of North America (1781) is today known as Wells Fargo. Robert Morris was appointed by Congress to be the first superintendent of finance in 1781. Alexander Hamilton vied to be superintendent and was over-looked. Morris was successful in arranging for his British brother-in-law, John Barker Church, to become one of the Bank of North America’s two largest shareholders. While Church sailed to Europe to “settle wartime accounts” [and visit his London base of operations], Church named Hamilton his American business agent in his absence and “deputized” him to watch over his Bank of North America interests and establish the Bank of New York.

Sir Moses Haim Montefiore, 1st Baronet, (1784-1885) was a British financier and banker, activist, philanthropist and Sheriff of London who was born to an Italian Sephardic Jewish family based in London. He was the President of the Board of Deputies of British Jews. In 1812, Moses Montefiore married Judith Cohen, daughter of Levy Barent Cohen. Her sister, Henriette, married Nathan Mayer Rothschild, for whom Montefiore’s firm acted as stockbrokers. Nathan Rothschild headed the family’s banking business in Britain, and the two brothers-in-law became business partners. In business, Montefiore was an innovator, investing in the supply of piped gas for street lighting to European cities via the Imperial Continental Gas Association. In 1824 he was among the founding consortium of the Alliance Life Assurance Company, later Sun Alliance.

Johann Heinrich Schroder (1784-1883) founded Henry Schroder & Co. in London in 1818. J Henry Schroder Banking Corporation (‘Schrobanco’) was a commercial bank in New York founded in 1923. Schroder remained a British agent evidenced by Schroder issuing £3m bonds in 1863 for the Confederacy. Eventually, Schroders plc became a British multinational asset management company which was founded in 1804. The company now employs over 5,000 people worldwide in 32 locations around Europe, America, Asia, Africa and the Middle East. Headquartered in the City of London, it is traded on the London Stock Exchange and is a constituent of the FTSE 100 Index. The Schroder family, through trustee companies, individual ownership, and charities control 47 per cent of the company’s ordinary shares.

Bank of New York (1791) is today known as BNY Mellon. It was founded and directed by Alexander Hamilton and started with a deputization of Hamilton by his brother-in-law John Barker Church to start the bank with Church’s capital while he traveled to France and Britain to consolidate his fortune made from being the commissar for the Continental and French armies. Hamilton’s control of the Bank of North America, Bank of New York, and the U.S. Treasury gave him the power to decide that customs revenues could be paid not just in gold and silver but with notes from the Bank of New York and the Bank of North America.

First Bank of the United States (1791) is today known as BNY Mellon, Citizens. It was founded by Alexander Hamilton and its early stockholders included John Barker Church. By 1810, the British Alexander Baring and Rothschild & Sons Ltd. banks had acquired major stakes in the First Bank of the United States, as well as in the Bank of England. Another of the first stockholders includes Thomas M. Willing, who became the richest man in America. Willing served as president of the Bank of North America.

James “Jacob” Mayer de Rothschild (1792–1868) founded the Famille banquière Rothschild as a French banking dynasty in 1812, in Paris. James was sent to Paris from his home in Frankfurt, Germany, by his father, Mayer Amschel Rothschild. Mayer Amschel Rothschild had his eldest son remain in Frankfurt, while his four other sons were sent to different European cities to establish a financial institution to invest in business and provide banking services. Endogamy within the family was an essential part of the Rothschild strategy in order to ensure control of their wealth remained in family hands.

George Peabody (1795-1869) was an American financier and philanthropist. Peabody went into business in dry goods and later into banking. In 1837 he moved to London where he became the most noted American banker and helped to establish the young country’s international credit. Having no son of his own to whom he could pass on his business, Peabody took on Junius Spencer Morgan as a partner in 1854 and their joint business would go on to become J.P. Morgan & Co. after Peabody’s 1864 retirement. In 1837, Peabody took up residence in London, and the following year, he started a banking business trading on his own account. The banking firm of “George Peabody and Company” was established in 1851. It was founded to meet the increasing demand for securities issued by the American railroads, and – although Peabody continued to deal in dry goods and other commodities – he increasingly focused his attentions on merchant banking, specializing in financing governments and large companies. The bank rose to become the premier American house in London. Peabody, Morgan & Co. then took the name J.S. Morgan & Co. The former UK merchant bank Morgan Grenfell (now part of Deutsche Bank), international universal bank JPMorgan Chase and investment bank Morgan Stanley can all trace their roots to Peabody’s bank.

Upon Peabody’s retirement in 1864, control was assumed by Morgan who had joined the firm as a partner in 1854. The firm was renamed J. S. Morgan & Co. The firm’s New York agency was later to become J.P. Morgan & Co. under the leadership of Junius’ son J. Pierpont Morgan. On the death of Junius in 1890, Pierpont became the senior partner of the London firm. By 1910, all the firm’s Morgan family partners were resident in the U.S. and to reflect this the London partnership was restructured with J. P. Morgan & Co. in the U.S. assuming a 50% ownership of the London business which was reconstituted as Morgan Grenfell & Co. in recognition of the senior London-based partner, Edward Grenfell. JPMorgan Chase & Co. is now an American multinational investment bank and financial services holding company headquartered in New York City. As 2021, JPMorgan Chase is the largest bank in the United States, the world’s largest bank by market capitalization, and the fifth-largest bank in the world in terms of total assets, with total assets totaling to US$3.831 trillion.

The Warburg family founded MM Warburg & Co. in 1798, which makes it one of the oldest investment banks in existence. It was founded in 1798 by Banca Levi Kahana of Warburg and brothers Moses Marcus Warburg and Gerson Warburg. The Warburg family still owns the bank, continuing more than 200-years of private bank ownership. Siegmund George Warburg, James’ cousin, found the investment bank SG Warburg & Co of London in 1946, which later became UBS Warburg. Paul Warburg was a director of Wells Fargo. Wells Fargo is currently one of the four largest banks in the United States along with Bank of America, Citigroup and JP Morgan Chase. Paul Warburg, father of James Warburg, was one of the founders of the US Federal Reserve System, which still controls the American economy to this day. James Warburg’s uncle, Max Warburg, was among the main financiers of Lenin and the Bolshevik revolution, along with another powerful banker, Jacob Shiff.

The Manhattan Company (1799) is today known as J.P. Morgan Chase. It was promoted by Alexander Hamilton and Aaron Burr and was invested in by John Barker Church who became a director at Hamilton’s behest. The founders of the Manhattan Bank, Aaron Burr and John Barker Church, fought a duel on the very day of the founding of the bank. No one was hit, so they reconciled.

Brown Brothers & Co. (1818) is known today as Brown Brothers Harriman & Co. and is one of oldest and largest private investment banks in the United States. In 1931, the merger of Brown Brothers & Co. (founded in 1818) and Harriman Brothers & Co. formed the current BBH. After immigrating to Baltimore in 1800 and building a successful linen mercantile trading business, Alexander Brown and his four sons co-founded Alex. Brown & Sons. In 1818, one son, John Alexander Brown, traveled to Philadelphia to establish John A. Brown and Co. In 1825, another son, James Brown, established Brown Brothers & Co. on Pine Street in Lower Manhattan and relocated to Wall Street in 1833.

This firm eventually acquired all other Brown branches in the U.S. Another son, William Brown, had established William Brown & Co. in England in 1810, which was renamed Brown, Shipley & Co. in 1839 and became a separate entity in 1918.

On January 2, 1931, Brown Brothers & Co. merged with two other business entities, Harriman Brothers & Company, a private bank started with railway money, and W. A. Harriman & Co. to form Brown Brothers Harriman & Co. Founding partners included: Prescott Bush, E. Roland Harriman, and W. Averell Harriman. In 1930s the company acted as a U.S. base for the German industrialist Fritz Thyssen, who helped finance Adolf Hitler. Later, Prescott Bush would become one of the seven directors of the Union Banking Corporation in the US whose assets were seized by the United States government on October 20, 1942, during World War II under the U.S. Trading with the Enemy Act. 

Marcus Goldman (1821-1904) was an American investment banker, businessman, and financier. He was born into an Ashkenazi Jewish family in Trappstadt, Germany, and immigrated to the United States in 1848. His paternal grandfather was called Jonathan Marx until he changed his name to Goldmann when Jews were allowed to have surnames in 1811. While attending classes at the synagogue in Wurzburg, he met Joseph Sachs, who would become his lifelong friend. Goldman immigrated to the United States from Frankfurt am Main, Germany, in 1848. Upon his arrival in America, his name was changed to Marcus Goldman by US immigration. He was the founder of Goldman Sachs, which has since become one of the world’s largest investment banks. Marcus Goldman founded Goldman Sachs in New York City, in 1869. In 1882, Goldman’s son-in-law Samuel Sachs joined the firm. In 1885, Goldman took his son Henry and his son-in-law Ludwig Dreyfuss into the business and the firm adopted its present name, Goldman Sachs & Co. The company has been criticized for a lack of ethical standards, working with dictatorial regimes, cozy relationships with the US federal government via a “revolving door” of former employees, and driving up prices of commodities through futures speculation, to mention a few of the hundreds of cases of corruption.

Solomon Loeb (1828-1903) was a German-born American banker and businessman. He was a merchant in textiles and later a banker with Kuhn, Loeb & Co.

John Pierpont Morgan (1837-1913) was an American financier and investment banker who dominated corporate finance on Wall Street throughout the Gilded Age. As the head of the banking firm that ultimately became known as J.P. Morgan and Co., he was the driving force behind the wave of industrial consolidation in the United States. Over the course of his career on Wall Street, J.P. Morgan spearheaded the formation of several prominent multinational corporations including U.S. Steel, International Harvester, and General Electric. He and his partners also held controlling interests in numerous other American businesses including Aetna, Western Union, Pullman Car Company, and 21 railroads. His son, J. P. Morgan Jr., took over the business at his father’s death, but was never as influential.

As required by the 1933 Glass–Steagall Act, the “House of Morgan” became three entities: J.P. Morgan & Co., which later became Morgan Guaranty Trust; Morgan Stanley, an investment house formed by his grandson Henry Sturgis Morgan; and Morgan Grenfell in London, an overseas securities house.

John Davison Rockefeller Sr. (1839-1937) was an American business magnate and philanthropist. He is widely considered the wealthiest American of all time and the richest person in modern history. Rockefeller founded the Standard Oil Company in 1870. He ran it until 1897 and remained its largest shareholder. Rockefeller’s wealth soared as kerosene and gasoline grew in importance, and he quickly became the richest person in the country, controlling 90% of all oil in the United States at his peak. This was typical of Robber Barons who were given monopolies via the federal government.

Jacob Henry Schiff (1847-1920) was an American banker, businessman, and philanthropist who  helped finance, among many other things, the Japanese military efforts against Tsarist Russia in the Russo-Japanese War.

James Loeb (1867-1933) was a German-born American banker, Hellenist, and philanthropist.

Paul Moritz Warburg (1868-1932) was a German-born American banker who was an early advocate of the U.S. Federal Reserve System.

Amadeo P. Giannini (1870-1949) founded the Bank of Italy in San Francisco, California, in 1904. It grew by a “branch banking” strategy to become Bank of America, the world’s largest commercial bank. The Bank of Italy merged with a smaller Bank of America in Los Angeles during 1928. In 1930, Giannini changed the name “Bank of Italy” to “Bank of America.” As chairman of the new, larger Bank of America, Giannini expanded the bank throughout his tenure, which continued until his death in 1949. Bank of America merged with NationsBank of Charlotte, North Carolina, in 1998.

Felix Moritz Warburg (1871-1937) was a German-born American banker. He was a member of the Warburg banking family of Hamburg, Germany.

Mortimer Loeb Schiff (1877-1931) was an American banker and notable early Boy Scouts of America leader. His son John Mortimer Schiff was also involved with the BSA.

James Paul Warburg (1896-1969) was a German-born American banker who was well known for being the financial adviser to Franklin D. Roosevelt. His father was banker Paul Warburg, member of the Warburg family who helped found the US Federal Reserve.

Sir Siegmund George Warburg (1902-1982) was a German-born English banker. He was a member of the prominent Warburg family. He played a prominent role in the development of merchant banking both in England and America.

David Rockefeller (1915-2017) was an American investment banker who served as chairman and chief executive of Chase Manhattan Corporation. He was the oldest living member of the third generation of the Rockefeller family and family patriarch from July 2004 until his death in March 2017. David was the fifth son and youngest child of John D. Rockefeller Jr. and Abby Aldrich Rockefeller, and a grandson of John D. Rockefeller. He was noted for his wide-ranging political connections and foreign travel, in which he met with many foreign leaders. His fortune was estimated at $3.3 billion at the time of his death in March 2017.

US Federal Reserve System is the central banking system of the United States of America enacted by the Federal Reserve Act of 1913. The U.S. Congress established three key objectives for monetary policy in the Federal Reserve Act: maximizing employment, stabilizing prices, and moderating long-term interest rates. Its duties have expanded over the years, and currently also include supervising and regulating banks, maintaining the stability of the financial system, and providing financial services to depository institutions, the U.S. government, and foreign official institutions.

The Federal Reserve System is governed by the presidentially-appointed board of governors, or Federal Reserve Board. Twelve regional Federal Reserve Banks, located in cities throughout the nation, regulate and oversee privately owned commercial banks. Nationally chartered commercial banks are required to hold stock in, and can elect some board members of, the Federal Reserve Bank of their region. The Federal Open Market Committee sets monetary policy through its seven members of the board of governors and the twelve regional Federal Reserve Bank presidents. United States Department of the Treasury, an entity outside of the central bank, prints the currency used.

Although an instrument of the US Government, the Federal Reserve System considers itself “an independent central bank because its monetary policy decisions do not have to be approved by the President or by anyone else in the executive or legislative branches of government, it does not receive funding appropriated by Congress, and the terms of the members of the board of governors span multiple presidential and congressional terms.”

The Bank for International Settlements was founded in 1930 and is owned by the US Federal Reserve, Bank of England, Bank of Italy, Bank of Canada, Swiss National Bank, Nederlandsche Bank, Bundesbank, and Bank of France. The BIS is the most powerful bank in the world and is a global central bank for the Banking Families who control the private central banks of almost all Western and developing nations. The first president of BIS was Rockefeller banker Gates McGarrah – an official at Chase Manhattan and the Federal Reserve. The US government had a historical distrust of BIS, lobbying unsuccessfully for its demise at the 1944 post-WWII Bretton Woods Conference. Instead, the Banking Families’ power was compounded with the Bretton Woods creation of the IMF and the World Bank.

The BIS holds at least 10% of monetary reserves for at least 80 of the world’s central banks, the IMF, and other multilateral institutions.  It serves as financial agent for international agreements, collects information on the global economy and serves as lender of last resort to prevent global financial collapse. The BIS promotes an agenda of monopoly capitalist-fascism. It serves as the conduit for the Banking Families who funded Adolf Hitler. This effort was led by the Warburg’s J. Henry Schroeder and Mendelsohn Bank of Amsterdam. In 1944, the first World Bank bonds were floated by Morgan Stanley and First Boston which helped support the World Trade Organization, International Monetary Fund, and the World Economic Forum.  

The World Bank is an international financial institution that provides loans and grants to the governments of low- and middle-income countries for the purpose of pursuing capital projects. The World Bank is the collective name for the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development and the International Development Association, two of five international organizations owned by the World Bank Group. It was established along with the International Monetary Fund at the 1944 Bretton Woods Conference along with the International Monetary Fund. The president of the World Bank is traditionally an American. The World Bank and the International Monetary Fund are both based in Washington, D.C., and work closely with each other. Although many countries were represented at the Bretton Woods Conference, the United States and United Kingdom were the most powerful in attendance and dominated the negotiations.

Republic of Venice – Central Bank Model

The central banking system of Venice had a committee of Ten who oversaw the “Republic” while an inner subset of that committee was the committee of Three, who had the power to order the death of anyone who might be harming the Republic, the City-state of Venice. The power of death was given to bankers as well as the power to imprison people who did not repay loans on time – debtors prison. Bankers became powerful forces in the lives of those who used them; and as time wore on, bankers entered into every aspect of personal and civic life. Bankers came to control not only land and money, but also became civil and political powerhouses who controlled life and death circumstances. Eventually, banking became synonymous with corruption, evil, subterfuge, propaganda, espionage, war, demonic practices, and punitive laws.

Looking objectively at the history of money and banking is an exploration of the worship of anti-human forces that have created some of the worst pages in history. That is why we use the derogatory term “banksters” as an indication that these bankers are economic gangsters who will not hesitate to kill through war, starvation, and economic slavery. The Venetians forgot what King Hammurabi learned when he made laws concerning the periodic forgiveness of loans because generally, the common person could not pay back the debt and the interest on the loan, therefore necessitating time in debtors prison when the loans default. When usury filled up Hammurabi’s jails, he learned to grant a loan forgiveness celebration every three years. The Hebrews called it the “Year of Jubilee” and forgave all loans made to other Hebrews every seven years. The lesson learned is the same as 4,000 years ago; usuary doesn’t work.

British Banksters

The oligarchical banking system of Great Britain represents a refined model of the traditions of the Babylonians, Romans, Byzantines, and Venetians which have been transplanted into the British Isles through a series of upheavals. In the sixteenth and seventeenth century the evil of Venetian Mammon worship invaded England and Scotland through the Venetian oligarchy and its philosophy, political forms, family fortunes, and imperial geopolitics. The victory of the Venetian party in England between 1509 and 1715 built upon the Byzantine and Venetian banking foundation.

Venetian oligarchs were a guiding force among the Lombard bankers who carried out the “great shearing” of England which led to the bankruptcy of the English King Henry III, who, during the 1250’s, repudiated his debts and went bankrupt. The bankruptcy was followed by a large-scale civil war. It was under Venetian auspices that England started the catastrophic conflict against France known today as the Hundred Years War. In 1340, King Edward III of England sent an embassy to Doge Gradenigo announcing his intention to wage war on France and proposing an Anglo-Venetian alliance. Gradenigo accepted Edward III’s offer that all Venetians on English soil would receive all the same privileges and immunities enjoyed by Englishmen. The Venetians accepted the privileges and declined to join in the fighting. Henry VII’s suppression of the oligarchs displeased Venice.

The Venetians wanted England to become embroiled with both France and Spain. Venice was also fundamentally hostile to the modern nation-state, which Henry was promoting in England. When Henry VII’s son Henry VIII turned out to be a pro-Venetian and the Venetians were able to re-assert their oligarchical system.

Henry VIII was King of England between 1509 and 1547. His accession to the throne coincided with the outbreak of the War of the League of Cambrai, in which most European states, including France, the Holy Roman Empire (Germany), Spain, and the papacy of Pope Julius II joined together in a combination that tried to annihilate Venice and its oligarchy. Henry VIII alone among the major rulers of Europe, maintained a pro-Venetian position. Henry VIII was for a time the formal ally of Venice and Pope Julius.

In 1527, when Henry VIII sought to divorce Catherine of Aragon, the Venetian-controlled University of Padua endorsed Henry’s legal arguments. Gasparo Contarini, the dominant political figure of the Venetian oligarchy, sent to the English court a delegation which included his own uncle, Francesco Zorzi. The oligarch and intelligence operative Zorzi, consummately skilled in playing on Henry’s lust and paranoia, became the founder of the powerful Freemasonic tradition in the Tudor court. Later, Henry VIII took the momentous step of breaking with the Roman Papacy to become the “New Constantine” and founder of the Anglican Church. He did this under the explicit advice of Thomas Cromwell, a Venetian agent who had become his chief adviser. Thomas Cromwell was Henry VIII’s business agent in the confiscation of the former Catholic monasteries and other church property, which were sold off to rising families. Thomas Cromwell thus served as the midwife to many a line of oligarchs.

The Venetian oligarchy (especially its “giovani” faction around Paolo Sarpi) responded by transferring its family fortunes, philosophical outlook, and political methods into England as the most suitable site for the New Venice, the future center of a new, world-wide Roman Empire based on maritime supremacy.

The Venetians insisted on the maintenance of a Protestant dynasty and a Protestant state church in England, with an anti-Spanish policy. Many of these successful measures were coherent with the Venetian desire to build up England as the new world empire and as a counterweight to the immense power of Spain. For the Venetians, an oligarchy required the weak executive power of a Doge [prince or monarch], and this was the system they wanted transplanted into their clone, England. England was the country where the triumph of the oligarchs was eventually most complete. Parliamentary leaders wanted to establish an oligarchy by the surrender of the King to Parliament so they could build up a navy and hasten the looting of the Spanish Empire.

Oliver Cromwell was a Venetian agent. Prominent in Oliver Cromwell’s family tree was the widely hated Venetian agent Thomas Cromwell. Oliver Cromwell (1599-1658) was descended from Thomas Cromwell’s sister. Oliver Cromwell’s uncle had married the widow of the Genoese-Venetian financier Sir Horatio Pallavicini. This widow brought two children by her marriage to Pallavicini and married them to her own later Cromwell children. So, the Cromwell family was intimately connected to the world of Venetian finance.

In March 1655, Cromwell decided in favor of a “thorough” Bonapartist military dictatorship similar to a sovereign republic of Italy with the Doge. The Anglo-Venetians decided that they were fed up with the Catholic, pro-French Stuart dynasty. Representatives of some of the leading oligarchical families signed an invitation to the Dutch King, William of Orange, and his Queen Mary, a daughter of James II. This is called by the British, the “Glorious Revolution” of 1688; in reality, it consolidated the powers and prerogatives of the oligarchy, which were expressed in the Bill of Rights of 1689. No taxes could be levied, no army raised, and no laws suspended without the consent of the oligarchy in Parliament. Parliament was supreme over the monarch and the state church. Within a few years after the Glorious Revolution there was a Bank of England and a national debt. When George I ascended the throne in 1714, he knew he was a Doge, the leader of an oligarchy.

The regime that took shape in England after 1688 was the most perfect copy of the Venetian oligarchy that was ever produced. The Venetian Party was broadly hegemonic, and Britain was soon the dominant world power. The struggles of seventeenth-century England were thus decisive in parlaying the strong Venetian influence which had existed before 1603 into the long-term domination by the British Venetian Party, observable after 1714. These developments are not phenomena of English history per se. They can only be understood as aspects of the infiltration into England of the metastatic Venetian oligarchy, which in its British Imperial guise has remained the menace of mankind.

The Warburg Banksters

The Warburg family had settled in Venice, at which point they bore the surname del-Banco. The historical documents describe Anselmo del Banco as Jewish and as having been one of the wealthiest residents of Venice in the early 16th century. In 1513, del Banco was granted a charter by the Venetian government permitting the lending of money with interest. Del Banco left with his family after new restrictions were placed upon the Jewish community coinciding with the establishment of a Jewish ghetto. The family settled in Bologna, and from there to the German town of Warburg and adopted that town’s name as their own surname.

The Warburg family re-established itself in Altona, near Hamburg in the 17th century, and it was there that M. M. Warburg & Co. was established in 1798, among the oldest still existing investment banks in the world. Other banks created by members of the family include: M.M.Warburg & Co., Warburg Pincus, S. G. Warburg & Co., and UBS Warburg.

The family is traditionally divided into two prominent lines, the Alsterufer Warburgs and the Mittelweg Warburgs. The Alsterufer Warburgs descended from Siegmund Warburg (1835-1889) and the Mittelweg Warburgs descended from his brother Moritz M. Warburg (1838-1910). They took their nicknames from the brothers’ respective addresses in Hamburg’s Rotherbaum neighborhood. The brothers were grandsons of Moses Marcus Warburg. Siegmund George Warburg was of the Alsterufer line; the five brothers Abraham M., Max M., Paul M., Felix M. and Fritz Moritz Warburg were of the Mittelweg line.

The brothers Moses Marcus Warburg (1763-1830) and Gerson Warburg (1765-1826) founded the M. M. Warburg & Co. banking company in 1798. Moses Warburg’s great-great grandson, Siegmund George Warburg, founded the investment bank S. G. Warburg & Co in London in 1946. Siegmund’s second cousin, Eric Warburg, founded Warburg Pincus in New York in 1938. Eric Warburg’s son Max Warburg is currently one of the three partners of M. M. Warburg & Co. Max Warburg’s elder brother Aby Warburg used his money to establish the Kulturwissenschaftliche Bibliothek Warburg in Hamburg, since 1934, and the Warburg Institute in London. Paul Warburg is most famous as an advocate of the US Federal Reserve System, established in 1913.

Felix and Paul Warburg emigrated to the United States. Felix Warburg married Frieda Schiff, daughter of Jacob H. Schiff, a banker who grew up in Frankfurt. Schiff financed parts of the American rail system through his investment bank Kuhn Loeb. Felix Warburg’s house in New York City is now the Jewish Museum, and Kfar Warburg in Israel is named for him. His brother Paul Warburg married Nina Loeb, daughter of Solomon Loeb. Paul Warburg was a major planner for the U.S. Federal Reserve System in 1913. He attended as the American representative, at the Treaty of Versailles conference, where his brother Max was on the German side of the bargaining table.

Beginning in 1933, Max Warburg served on the board of the Nazi Reichsbank, reporting directly to Hjalmar Schacht, before emigrating in 1938. Before World War II, Max Warburg served on the board of directors of Interessen Gemeinschaft Farben or I.G. Farben, the giant German chemical firm that produced Zyklon B gas used in Nazi concentration camps. His brother Paul Warburg served on the board of directors of I.G. Farben’s wholly owned American subsidiary, which was also associated with Standard Oil. I.G. Auschwitz, founded in Katowice (33 km northwest of Auschwitz town) had its own corporate slave camp called Buna/Monowitz, where prisoners from Auschwitz were put to work.

The Kilgore Committee Report of 1942 claimed that all I.G. Farben board members had precise and prior knowledge that Zyklon B was being used to murder civilians in concentration camps, with no attempt made to halt production of the insecticide even after such murders were well known. I.G. Farben, financed through Wall Street, was instrumental in channeling funds for the rise to power of the Nazi Party. It was claimed I. G. Farben also built up the industrial and war-making capabilities of Germany once the Nazis were in power while simultaneously attempting to restrict industrial production materials to countries marked for invasion by Nazi Germany, all of this to such a degree that all German board members other than Max Warburg were charged after World War II as war criminals. The I.G. Farben factories were carefully avoided by Allied bombers indicating they were protected, as was Max Warburg.

Virtually all members of the German Warburg family had fled to the United States or Great Britain by 1938. However, Max Warburg’s brother, Fritz Warburg, was already living in exile in Sweden, where his daughter Eva joined him in 1938.

Rothschild Banksters

Modern banking practices, including fractional-reserve banking and the issuance of banknotes and fiat currency emerged in the 17th Century. At the time, wealthy merchants began to store their gold with the goldsmiths of London who possessed private vaults and charged a fee for their service. In exchange for each deposit of precious metal, the goldsmiths issued receipts certifying the quantity and purity of the metal they held as a bailee; these receipts could not be assigned, only the original depositor could collect the stored goods utilizing an old Venetian banking trick established during the Crusades.

Gradually the goldsmiths began to lend the money out on behalf of the depositor, which led to the development of modern banking practices; promissory notes (which evolved into banknotes) were issued for money deposited as a loan to the goldsmith. These practices created a new kind of “money” that was actually debt, that is, goldsmiths’ debt rather than silver or gold coin, a commodity that had been regulated and controlled by the monarchy. This development required the acceptance in trade of the goldsmiths’ promissory notes, payable on demand. Acceptance in turn required a general belief that coin would be available; and a fractional reserve normally served this purpose. Acceptance also required that the holders of debt be able legally to enforce an unconditional right to payment; it required that the notes be negotiable instruments. The concept of negotiability had emerged slowly in European money markets, but it was well developed by the 17th Century. Nevertheless, an act of Parliament, in London, was required in 1704 to overrule court decisions holding that the goldsmiths’ notes, despite the “customs of merchants”, were not negotiable.

The first bank to begin the permanent issue of legal, government approved banknotes was the Bank of England in 1695. Initially hand-written and issued on deposit or as a loan, they promised to pay the bearer the value of the note on demand. By 1745, standardized printed notes ranging from £20 to £1,000 were being printed. Fully printed notes that didn’t require the name of the payee and the cashier’s signature first appeared in 1855.

With free-flowing fiat currency, and the trust of the people using that “fake money”, banking families dealt in everything from underwriting bonds to originating foreign loans facilitating trade growth, profiting from England’s emerging dominance in seaborne trade, and the greatest money-maker of all – war. Two Warlord Banking Families, Rothschild and Baring, established merchant banking firms in London in the late 18th Century and came to dominate world banking in the next century. Some argue that the central banks of the Rothschilds still dominate world wealth to this very day.

The Rothschild family pioneered international finance in the early 19th Century and even provided loans to the Bank of England and purchased government bonds in the stock markets. In 1804, Nathan Mayer Rothschild began to deal on the London stock exchange in financial instruments such as foreign bills and government securities. From 1809, Rothschild began to deal in gold bullion and developed this as a cornerstone of his business. His four brothers helped co-ordinate activities across the continent, and the family developed a network of agents, shippers, and couriers to transport gold and “intelligence” across Europe.

The Rothschild family was instrumental in supporting railway systems across the world and in complex government financing for projects as large as the Suez Canal. The Rothschilds financed the founding of De Beers, as well as Cecil Rhodes on his expeditions in Africa and the creation of the colony of Rhodesia. From 1919 to 2004 the Rothschilds’ Bank in London played a role as the source of the daily gold and silver price fixing. Through their network of intelligence, they gathered the prices of gold and silver and then set a “fair” price as the spot price for that day. Later, they even set the Liber price index to control banks. Through these Rothschild banks, corporations, gold and silver fraud, and the control of national currencies through Venetian style central banks, these Warlord Bankers helped start every war in modern times.

The Dutch House of Orange founded the Bank of Amsterdam in 1609 as the world’s first central bank. Prince William of Orange married into the English House of Windsor, taking King James II’s daughter Mary as his bride. The Orange Order Brotherhood, which fomented Northern Ireland Protestant violence, put William III on the English throne where he ruled both Holland and Britain. In 1694 William III teamed up with the UK aristocracy to launch the private Bank of England. The Rothschilds and their partners gradually came to control the Bank of England as well as the daily London gold “fixing” which occurred at the N. M. Rothschild Bank until 2004.

Mayer Amschel Rothschild sold the British government German Hessian mercenaries to fight against American Revolutionaries, diverting the proceeds to his brother Nathan in London, where N.M. (Nathan and Mayer) Rothschild & Sons was established. Mayer launched his fortune on money embezzled from William IX, the royal administrator of the Hesse-Kassel region. Rothschild-controlled Barings Bank, bankrolled the Chinese opium and African slave trades. It also financed the Louisiana Purchase. When several states defaulted on its loans, Barings bribed Daniel Webster to make speeches stressing the virtues of loan repayment. The states held their ground, so the House of Rothschild cut off the money spigot in 1842, plunging the US into a deep depression. It was often said that the wealth of the Rothschilds depended on the bankruptcy of nations. Mayer Amschel Rothschild once said, “I care not who controls a nation’s political affairs, so long as I control her currency.”

The House of Rothschild financed the Prussian War, the Crimean War and the British attempt to seize the Suez Canal from the French.  Nathan Rothschild made a huge financial bet on Napoleon at the Battle of Waterloo, while also funding the Duke of Wellington’s peninsular campaign against Napoleon. Both the Mexican War and the Civil War were goldmines for the family.

One Rothschild family biography mentions a London meeting where an “International Banking Syndicate” decided to pit the American North against the South as part of a “divide and conquer” strategy. German Chancellor Otto von Bismarck once stated, “The division of the United States into federations of equal force was decided long before the Civil War. These bankers were afraid that the United States would upset their financial domination over the world. The voice of the Rothschilds prevailed.” Family biographer Niall Ferguson notes a “substantial and unexplained gap” in private Rothschild correspondence between 1854-1860. He says all copies of outgoing letters written by the London Rothschilds during this Civil War period “were destroyed at the orders of successive partners.”

Mayer Rothschild’s sons were known as the Frankfurt Five. The eldest – Amschel – ran the family’s Frankfurt bank with his father, while Nathan ran London operations. Youngest son Jacob set up shop in Paris, while Salomon ran the Vienna branch and Karl was off to Naples.  Author Frederick Morton estimates that by 1850 the Rothschilds were worth over $10 billion. Some researchers believe that their fortune today exceeds $100 trillion.

The Warburgs, Kuhn Loebs, Goldman Sachs, Schiffs and Rothschilds have intermarried into one big banking family. The Warburg family – which controls Deutsche Bank and BNP – tied up with the Rothschilds in 1814 in Hamburg, while Kuhn Loeb powerhouse Jacob Schiff shared quarters with Rothschilds in 1785. Schiff immigrated to America in 1865. He joined forces with Abraham Kuhn and married Solomon Loeb’s daughter. Loeb and Kuhn married each others’ sisters and the Kuhn Loeb dynasty was consummated. Felix Warburg married Jacob Schiff’s daughter. Two Goldman daughters married two sons of the Sachs family, creating Goldman Sachs. In 1806, Nathan Rothschild married the oldest daughter of Levi Barent Cohen, a leading financier in London. Thus, Merrill Lynch super-bull Abby Joseph Cohen and Clinton Secretary of Defense William Cohen are likely descended from Rothschilds.

Today, the Rothschilds control a far-flung financial empire, which includes majority stakes in most nationally owned or privately owned central banks. The Edmond de Rothschild clan owns the Banque Privee SA in Lugano, Switzerland and the Rothschild Bank AG of Zurich. The family of Jacob Rothschild owns the powerful Rothschild Italia in Milan. According to The New Federalist Newspaper (1994) in an article entitled, The Coming Fall of the House of Windsor by Henery Makow, the Rothschild’s are founding members of the exclusive $10 trillion Club of the Isles – which controls corporate giants Royal Dutch Shell, Imperial Chemical Industries, Lloyds of London, Unilever, Barclays, Lonrho, Rio Tinto Zinc, BHP Billiton, and Anglo-American DeBeers through a complex series of interlocking directorships. It dominates the world supply of petroleum, gold, diamonds, and many other vital raw materials. The Club of the Isles provides capital for George Soros’ Quantum Fund NV – which made a killing in 1998-99 destroying the currencies of Thailand, Indonesia, and Russia.

N. M. Rothschild & Sons was at the epicenter of the Bank of Credit & Commerce International (BCCI) scandal but escaped the limelight when a warehouse full of documents burned to the ground around the time Rothschild-controlled Bank of England shut BCCI down. Recent Rothschild endeavors include the backing of Russian oligarch Mikhail Khodorkovsky, control over Blackstone Group, and the takeover of giant Swiss oil trader Glencore.

Perhaps the largest repository for Rothschild wealth today is Rothschilds Continuation Holdings AG – a secretive Swiss-based bank holding company. By the late 1990s, scions of the Rothschild global empire were Barons Guy and Elie de Rothschild in France and Lord Jacob and Sir Evelyn Rothschild in Britain. Evelyn was chairman of the Economist and a director at DeBeers and IBM UK. Jacob took control of Khodorkovsky’s YUKOS oil shares just before the Russian government arrested him. In 2010, Jacob joined Rupert Murdoch (and others) in a shale oil extraction partnership in Israel through Genie Energy – a subsidiary of IDT Corporation.

America’s Criminal Banking System

The Four Horsemen of Banking – Bank of America, JP Morgan Chase, Citigroup, and Wells Fargo – are among the top ten stockholders of virtually every Fortune 500 corporation. One important repository for the wealth of the global oligarchy that owns these banks is the US Trust Corporation – founded in 1853 and now owned by Bank of America. A recent US Trust Corporate Director and Honorary Trustee was Walter Rothschild. Other directors included Daniel Davison of JP Morgan Chase, Richard Tucker of Exxon Mobil, Daniel Roberts of Citigroup and Marshall Schwartz of Morgan Stanley.

Ten banks control all twelve Federal Reserve Bank branches.  N.M. Rothschild of London, Rothschild Bank of Berlin, Warburg Bank of Hamburg, Warburg Bank of Amsterdam, Lehman Brothers of New York, Lazard Brothers of Paris, Kuhn Loeb Bank of New York, Israel Moses Seif Bank of Italy, Goldman Sachs of New York and JP Morgan Chase Bank of New York.  Schauf lists William Rockefeller, Paul Warburg, Jacob Schiff and James Stillman as individuals who own large shares of the Fed. The Schiffs are insiders at Kuhn Loeb.  The Stillmans are Citigroup insiders, who married into the Rockefeller clan at the turn of the century.

Boston “Brahmin” Banksters

The Boston Brahmins or Boston elite are members of Boston’s traditional upper class that had British leaning tendencies in customs, clothing, and business practices. They are often associated with Harvard University, Anglicanism, upper-class clubs such as the Somerset in Boston, the Knickerbocker in New York City, the Metropolitan in Washington, D.C., and the Pacific-Union Club in San Francisco. They are the Anglo-American elite of Boston who are descendants of the earliest English colonists and are typically considered to be the most representative in the Boston Brahmins. They were considered White Anglo-Saxon Protestants who were the rich descendants of the original pilgrims of the Massachusetts Bay Colony charter.

Suffolk Bank was a private clearinghouse bank in Boston, Massachusetts, that exchanged specie or locally backed bank notes for notes from country banks to which city-dwellers could not easily travel to redeem notes. Suffolk Bank operated by redeeming these country bank notes at par value, so long as the banks maintained an account with Suffolk Bank. To qualify for such an account, a bank was required to remit a starting deposit of $2,000 or more, and in the case of banks not located in Boston, to maintain a sufficient balance to redeem any of the banks’ notes that Suffolk Bank might receive for redemption. Beginning in 1824, all of the banks in Boston with the exception of the New England Bank [a competing clearinghouse bank], agreed to make the Suffolk Bank their agent for the redemption of bills of outside banks. The bank operated in this manner until the Bank of Mutual Redemption was organized in 1858 and assumed this role for all New England banks. Following passage of the National Bank Act of 1864, the Suffolk Bank was reorganized and renamed as the Suffolk National Bank in 1865 and continued to operate as a national bank until it was dissolved in 1904.

The Suffolk System was the first regulatory banking system arrangement of remote banks created in the United States. The Suffolk Bank became one of the most profitable in the country and continued to operate under the Suffolk System until rival institutions complained of dictatorial practices and eventually national legislation banned state banknotes. The Suffolk System was the predecessor to modern banking practices and led to the creation of the Federal Reserve that still operates today.

Suffolk Bank eventually became the first clearing house to launder British opium currency from the Boston shareholders in the Levant Company. These Boston Banksters financed the Boston Brahmins with 100% British Crown-owned companies (Levant, British East India, British Royal Africa) funded by British Rothshild-Baring banks. The Suffolk System included the laundering of the slave and opium trade in Boston that made the Boston Brahmins unnaturally rich. Opium was even considered a “currency” by these Boston Brahmin bankster who brought great prosperity to the city.

State Street Bank and Trust

Another corrupt Boston Bank that has become one of the four largest asset management companies in the world is State Street Bank and Trust which was founded in Boston in 1792. It is the second-oldest continually operating United States bank, and is headquartered at One Lincoln Street in Boston, with operations worldwide. The company is named after State Street in Boston, which was known as the “Great Street to the Sea” in the 18th century as Boston became a flourishing maritime capital.

The company’s logo includes a clipper to reflect the importance of maritime industry (slaves and opium) in Boston during this time. State Street Corporation provides financial services, asset management services, and is a bank holding company. State Street is currently ranked 15th on the list of largest banks in the United States by assets. It is one of the largest asset management companies in the world with US$3.9 trillion under management and US$43.3 trillion under custody and administration. It is the largest custodian bank in the world, providing securities services. The company is ranked 247th on the Fortune 500 as of 2019, and is on the list of the banks that are “too big to fail.”

Morgan Banksters

John Pierpont Morgan (1837-1913) presided over the American House of Morgan ruled finance from the corner of Wall Street and Broad acting as quasi-US central bank since 1838, when George Peabody founded it in London. Peabody was a business associate of the Rothschilds. The Rothschilds preferred to operate anonymously in the US behind the facade of J.P. Morgan & Company, among others.

The Morgan financial octopus wrapped its tentacles quickly around the globe. Morgan Grenfell operated in London. Morgan et Ce ruled Paris. The Rothschild’s Lambert cousins set up Drexel & Company in Philadelphia. The House of Morgan catered to the Astors, DuPonts, Guggenheims, Vanderbilts and Rockefellers. It financed the launch of AT&T, General Motors, General Electric and DuPont. Like the London-based Rothschild and Barings banks, Morgan became part of the power structure in many countries.

By 1890 the House of Morgan was lending to Egypt’s central bank, financing Russian railroads, floating Brazilian provincial government bonds and funding Argentine public works projects. A recession in 1893 enhanced Morgan’s power. That year, Morgan saved the US government from a bank panic by forming a syndicate to prop up government reserves with a shipment of $62 million worth of Rothschild gold.

Morgan was the driving force behind Western expansion in the US, financing and controlling West-bound railroads through voting trusts. In 1879, Cornelius Vanderbilt’s Morgan-financed New York Central Railroad gave preferential shipping rates to John D. Rockefeller’s budding Standard Oil monopoly cementing the Rockefeller/Morgan relationship.

The House of Morgan now fell under Rothschild and Rockefeller family control. Morgan and Edward Harriman’s banker Kuhn Loeb held a monopoly over the railroads, while banking dynasties Lehman, Goldman Sachs, and Lazard joined the Rockefellers in controlling the US industrial base. In 1903, Banker’s Trust was set up by the large banking families. Benjamin Strong of Banker’s Trust was the first Governor of the New York Federal Reserve Bank. The 1913, creation of the Federal Reserve fused the power of the banking families to the military and diplomatic might of the US government. If their overseas loans went unpaid, the oligarchs could now deploy US Marines to collect the debts. Morgan, Chase, and Citibank formed an international lending syndicate.

The House of Morgan was cozy with the British House of Windsor and the Italian House of Savoy. The Kuhn Loebs, Warburgs, Lehmans, Lazards, Israel Moses Seifs and Goldman Sachs also had close ties to European royalty. By 1895, Morgan controlled the flow of gold in and out of the US. The first American wave of mergers was in its infancy and was being promoted by the bankers. In 1897, there were 69 industrial mergers; by 1899, there were 1,200.

The French Lazard family became deeply involved in House of Morgan interests. Lazard Freres – France’s biggest investment bank- is owned by the Lazard and David-Weill families- old Genoese banking scions.

In 1968 Morgan Guaranty launched Euro-Clear, a Brussels-based bank clearing system for Eurodollar securities. It was the first such automated endeavor. Some took to calling Euro-Clear “The Beast.”  Brussels serves as headquarters for the new European Central Bank and for NATO. In 1973 Morgan officials met secretly in Bermuda to illegally resurrect the old House of Morgan, twenty years before Glass Steagal Act was repealed. Morgan and the Rockefellers provided the financial backing for Merrill Lynch, boosting it into the Big 5 of US investment banking. Merrill is now part of Bank of America.

Public distrust of the banking families is pronounced and many consider them traitors working for European old money.  Rockefeller’s Standard Oil, Andrew Carnegie’s US Steel and Edward Harriman’s railroads were all financed by banker Jacob Schiff at Kuhn Loeb, who worked closely with the European Rothschilds.

Several Western states banned the corrupt cabal of European bankers. Populist preacher William Jennings Bryan was thrice the Democratic nominee for President from 1896 -1908. The central theme of his anti-imperialist campaign was that America was falling into a trap of “financial servitude to British capital.” Teddy Roosevelt defeated Bryan in 1908 but was forced by this spreading populist wildfire to enact the Sherman Anti-Trust Act. He then went after the Standard Oil Trust.

In 1912 the Pujo hearings were held, addressing concentration of power on Wall Street. That same year Mrs. Edward Harriman sold her substantial shares in New York’s Guaranty Trust Bank to J.P. Morgan, creating Morgan Guaranty Trust. Judge Louis Brandeis convinced President Woodrow Wilson to call for an end to interlocking board directorates. In 1914, the Clayton Anti-Trust Act was passed.

Jack Morgan – J. Pierpont’s son and successor – responded by calling on Morgan clients Remington and Winchester to increase arms production. He argued that the US needed to enter WWI. Goaded by the Carnegie Foundation and other oligarchy fronts, Wilson accommodated. The House of Morgan financed half the US war effort, while receiving commissions for lining up contractors like GE, Du Pont, US Steel, Kennecott, and ASARCO; all of which were Morgan clients. Morgan also financed the British Boer War in South Africa and the Franco-Prussian War. The 1919 Paris Peace Conference was presided over by Morgan, which led both German and Allied reconstruction efforts.

In the 1930’s, populism resurfaced in America after Goldman Sachs, Lehman Bank, and others profited from the Crash of 1929. Senator Gerald Nye (D-ND) chaired a munitions investigation in 1936 and concluded that the House of Morgan had plunged the US into WWI to protect loans and create a booming arms industry. Nye later produced a document titled, The Next War, which cynically referred to “the old goddess of democracy trick”, through which Japan could be used to lure the US into WWII. Thus, the warmongering of banksters is easy to predict as their standard plans for continuous war started WWII, and subsequently every war in modern times.

Rockefeller Banksters

John D. Rockefeller used his oil wealth to acquire Equitable Trust, which had gobbled up several large banks and corporations by the 1920’s. The Great Depression helped consolidate Rockefeller’s power. His Chase Bank merged with Kuhn Loeb’s Manhattan Bank to form Chase Manhattan, cementing a long-time family relationship.

The Kuhn-Loebs had financed – along with Rothschilds – Rockefeller’s quest to become king of oil. National City Bank of Cleveland provided John D. with the money needed to embark upon his monopolization of the US oil industry. The bank was identified in Congressional hearings as being one of three Rothschild-owned banks in the US during the 1870’s, when Rockefeller first incorporated as Standard Oil of Ohio.

One Rockefeller Standard Oil partner was Edward Harkness, whose family came to control Chemical Bank. Another was James Stillman, whose family controlled Manufacturers Hanover Trust. Both banks merged under the JP Morgan Chase umbrella. Two of James Stillman’s daughters married two of William Rockefeller’s sons. The two families control Citigroup as well.

In the insurance business, the Rockefellers control Metropolitan Life, Equitable Life, Prudential and New York Life. Rockefeller banks control 25% of all assets of the 50 largest US commercial banks and 30% of all assets of the 50 largest insurance companies.

Companies under Rockefeller control include Exxon Mobil, Chevron Texaco, BP Amoco, Marathon Oil, Freeport McMoran, Quaker Oats, ASARCO, United, Delta, Northwest, ITT, International Harvester, Xerox, Boeing, Westinghouse, Hewlett-Packard, Honeywell, International Paper, Pfizer, Motorola, Union Carbide, and General Foods, among others.

The Rockefeller Foundation has close financial ties to both Ford and Carnegie Foundations.  Other family philanthropic endeavors include Rockefeller Brothers Fund, Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research, General Education Board, Rockefeller University and the University of Chicago. The family owns 30 Rockefeller Plaza and Rockefeller Center. 

The Dulles and Rockefeller families are cousins. Allen Dulles helped create the CIA with British Intelligence. Brother John Foster Dulles presided over the phony Goldman Sachs trusts before the 1929 stock market crash and helped his brother overthrow governments in Iran and Guatemala. Both were Skull & Bones, Council on Foreign Relations insiders, and 33rd Degree Masons.

The Rockefellers were instrumental in forming the depopulation-oriented Club of Rome at their family estate in Bellagio, Italy. Their Pocantico Hills estate gave birth to the Trilateral Commission. The family is a major funder of the eugenics movement which spawned Hitler, human cloning, and the current DNA obsession in US scientific circles.

John Rockefeller Jr. headed the Population Council until his death. His namesake son is a Senator from West Virginia. Brother Winthrop Rockefeller was Lieutenant Governor of Arkansas and remains the most powerful man in that state.

But of all the Rockefeller brothers, it is Trilateral Commission founder and Chase Manhattan Chairman David who has spearheaded the family’s fascist agenda on a global scale. He defended the Shah of Iran, the South African apartheid regime, and the Chilean Pinochet junta. He was the biggest financier of the Council on Foreign Relations, the Trilateral Commission, and the Committee for an Effective and Durable Peace in Asia.

The Development of Central Banking

The central banking practices of the Venetian central bankers spread throughout Italy, Germany, Holland, and England. These practices led the Bank of Amsterdam to become a model for the functioning of a bank in the capacity of monetary exchange but also the development of all services associated with a central bank. The same closed-system of family shareholders that the Italian Warlord Bankers had used so effectively helped develop Holland into one of the first central banks in Europe that spearheaded the corporate takeover of world economy through the Dutch East India Company in 1600. The Dutch developed the model that was later used by the British East India Company that became a rival in the spice trade market.

The Dutch, using the methods of Warlord Bankers, turned trade into “trade with a sword” and developed the most powerful armada of the time that fleeced the spice nations of the East and began claiming resources and land as their own. Eventually, when the British got involved in spice trade, the Dutch added slavery to their crimes against humanity.

In England in the 1690s, public funds were in short supply and were needed to finance the ongoing conflict with France. William III’s credit was so bad that it was impossible for him to borrow the needed money. In order to induce subscription to a loan, the subscribers were to be incorporated by the name of the Governor and Company of the Bank of England. The bank was given exclusive possession of the government’s balances and was the only corporation allowed to issue banknotes. The lenders would give the government cash (bullion) and also issue notes against the government bonds, which can be lent again. The establishment of the Bank of England, the model on which most modern central banks have been based on, was devised by Charles Montagu, 1st Earl of Halifax, in 1694.

Until the mid-nineteenth century, commercial banks were able to issue their own banknotes, and notes issued by provincial banking companies were commonly in circulation. Many consider the origins of the central bank to lie with the passage of the Bank Charter Act of 1844. Under this law, authorization to issue new banknotes was restricted to the Bank of England. The Act served to restrict the supply of new notes reaching circulation and gave the Bank of England an effective monopoly on the printing of new notes.

Central banks were established in many European countries during the 19th Century. The War of the Second Coalition led to the creation of the Banque de France in 1800 in an effort to improve the public financing of the war. The US Federal Reserve was created by the US Congress through the passing of The Federal Reserve Act in 1913. Australia established its first central bank in 1920, Colombia in 1923, Mexico and Chile in 1925, and Canada and New Zealand in the aftermath of the Great Depression in 1934. Today, only a handful of nations do not have a central bank. The globalization of central banks has almost become complete, and the plan of the Warlord Banking Families is closing in on a “one world currency” controlled by one global central bank. 

Who Owns the U.S. Federal Reserve?

As an example of the power and control of a nation’s central bank we need only look at the US Federal Reserve – which is not owned by the US, is not Federal, and has no reserves. If we wish to understand who owns the US Federal Reserve, we might end up feeling very frustrated with the many opinions, conspiracy theories, speculations, and dead-ends that you will encounter before coming up with a clear answer.

The obfuscation, conflation, confabulation, and sheer ignorance concerning who ‘We the People of America’ owe $25 trillion to is staggering. Much of the true ownership of the U.S. Federal Reserve, and its twelve sister banks, can be found by researching the US Trust Corporation. Walter Rothschild was an initial director and trustee. Other directors included Daniel Davison of JP Morgan Chase, Richard Tucker of Exxon Mobil, Daniel Roberts of Citigroup, and Marshall Schwartz of Morgan Stanley.

It is said that 80% ownership of the New York Federal Reserve is held by just eight families: Goldman Sachs, Rockefellers, Lehmans and Kuhn Loebs of New York, the Rothschilds of Paris and London, the Warburgs of Hamburg, the Lazards of Paris, and the Israel Moses Seifs of Rome.

It is also known that ten banks control all twelve U.S. Federal Reserve Bank branches: N.M. Rothschild of London, Rothschild Bank of Berlin, Warburg Bank of Hamburg, Warburg Bank of Amsterdam, Lehman Brothers of New York, Lazard Brothers of Paris, Kuhn Loeb Bank of New York, Israel Moses Seif Bank of Italy, Goldman Sachs of New York, and JP Morgan Chase Bank of New York. Others point at major shareholders in the Federal Reserve system like: William Rockefeller, Paul Warburg, Jacob Schiff, James Stillman, and Kuhn Loeb. The Stillmans are Citigroup insiders, who married into the Rockefeller clan at the turn of the century.

The historic Warlord Banking Families are clearly the true major shareholders in the fake and onerous debt “owed” to the US Federal Reserve. Basically, the Venetian’s central banking system has never died and can be found alive and well in the Warlord Banksters and their central banks throughout the world. Essentially, not much has changed since money became the god of materialism in the days of Babylon. Mammon reigns supreme in the immoral hearts of warlords and warmongers who work like demons to accomplish the economic enslavement of humanity. This is the bottom line of the worshipers of Mammon, control human willpower and freedom.

Banksters do not work in a cultural vacuum and must enlist the help of politicians to make laws that always support corporations over citizens, profit over morality, and money over human life. These warmongering politicians are paid well for their corrupt service inside of government where they stand guard protecting the crimes of the wealthy banksters and brokers. These evil politicians get their hands dirty and drenched with the blood of the citizens they are supposed to be working for as their sworn duty. Without these political ideologists, propagandist, and public megaphones (mainstream media) working for the rich elite, the agendas of Warlord Banksters might be slowed down or, heaven forbid, be investigated for the overt corruption that is the very foundation of these warmongering institutions. Behind every war are Warlord Banksters and political warmongers getting their bribes and payoffs. It is important to know who these twisted liars are and what role they played in the past and are playing in our current times so that we can demolish their mechanisms of global economic tyranny.

The Dutch East India Company – Corporate Warlords

The actual first Warlord Corporation would be the Dutch East India Company, who in the end became one of the largest slave-traders in the world and started more conflicts and wars than anyone cares to count. At its height, the “Company” was more powerful than the nation that created it and remained so for hundreds of years. It is still active today in many subtle, and sometimes invisible ways. Corporate imperialism, industrial espionage, and the machinations of the military industrial complex all find their roots in the Dutch East India Company that competed with and defeated the Hanseatic League of Northern Germany. Later vestiges of this corporate privacy was the Corporate Trust Company (1892), now centered in the Netherlands that services most of the corrupt corporations worldwide.

The Dutch East India Company (Vereenigde Oostindische Compagnie – VOC) was a mega-corporation founded by a government-directed amalgamation of several rival Dutch trading companies. The VOC was established in 1602 as a chartered company (limited liability corporation) to trade with India and Indianized Southeast Asian countries. The Dutch government granted VOC a 21-year monopoly on the Dutch spice trade. The Company (VOC) has been often labelled a trading company or sometimes a shipping company but was actually a proto-conglomerate company, diversifying into multiple commercial and industrial activities such as international trade, shipbuilding, production, spice-sugarcane-wine-opium trade, and the theft of natural resources, including human trafficking and slavery.

The company was historically a state sponsored rather than a pure for-profit corporation. Originally a government-backed military-commercial enterprise, the VOC was the wartime brain-child of leading Dutch republican statesman Johan van Oldenbarnevelt and the States-General. From its inception in 1602, the Company was not only a commercial enterprise but also effectively an instrument of war in the young Dutch Republic’s revolutionary global war against the powerful Spanish Empire and Iberian Union (1579-1648).

In the early 1600s, by widely issuing bonds and shares of stock to the general public, the VOC became the world’s first formally-listed public company. It was the first corporation to be listed on an official stock exchange. The VOC was also very influential in the rise of corporate-led globalization in the early modern period and the attitude that corporations can do whatever they can get away with, including outright war. In many respects, modern-day corporations are all the ‘direct descendants’ of the VOC model.

The VOC also served as the direct model for the organizational reconstruction of the British East India Company in 1657. The VOC, for nearly 200 years of its existence (1602-1800), had effectively transformed itself from a corporate entity into a state or an empire in its own right as a scourge throughout the world bringing corporate imperialism to countries that they conquered.

In its foreign “colonies”, the VOC possessed quasi-governmental powers, including the ability to wage war, imprison and execute convicts, negotiate treaties, strike its own coins, and establish colonies. Because of its many foreign posts, the VOC is often considered the world’s first true transnational corporation. Along with the Dutch West India Company, the VOC was seen as the international arm of the Dutch Republic and the power behind the Dutch Empire. The company was first nationalized in 1796, and finally dissolved in 1799. All assets were taken over by the government with VOC territories becoming Dutch government colonies.

The VOC’s historic roles and contributions have long been heavily criticized for its monopoly policy, exploitation, colonialism, drug-trafficking, uses of violence, and slavery. It is this image of corporatism that is not often displayed because we are still living in the shadow of the VOC’s imperialism that was directly connected to the American Revolution and other wars.

British East India Company – Corporate Warlords

No history of Warlord Banksters and Brokers is complete without addressing the significant influence of modern “corporatism” – the main tool for doing the dirty work of banking families. It was well known by the Venetian central bankers that war makes a great deal of money for war-centered corporations and their bankers. Warlord Banksters were known for loaning money to both sides of the war, and it was not uncommon that corporate agents of the bankers might foment the initial conflict as an effective way to make money. Essentially, early bankers directed war efforts both with money and networks of “intelligence.”

It eventually became accepted practice that entire nations began defending individual corporation’s resource-theft in foreign countries and ignored the imperialism that came with this type of weaponized corporate fleecing. The worst of these corporations supported by Warlord Banksters where the traders and merchants supported by the Warlord Banking Families of Itlay, Germany, Holland, and England. These early sea merchants became so developed that in the 1700’s they were as powerful as the nations who supported their “trading with a sword.” The two most notorious were the Dutch and the British East India Trading companies. No story of the power and might of the demon Mammon is complete until a close look is taken at the archetypally evil corporations that are still fighting for imperialistic globalism to this very day.

We have heard about the Dutch East India Company above and now will focus on its rival, the British East India Company. In 1599, a group of British merchants met and resolved to apply to the Queen for support of trading with the East Indies. The Queen granted a Royal Charter to George, Earl of Cumberland, and 215 Knights, Aldermen, and Burgesses under the name, “Governor and Company of Merchants of London trading with the East Indies.” For a period of fifteen years the charter awarded the newly formed company a monopoly on English trade with all countries east of the Cape of Good Hope and west of the Straits of Magellan.

Any traders in breach of the charter without a license from the company were liable to forfeiture of their ships and cargo (half of which went to the Crown and the other half to the company), as well as imprisonment at “royal pleasure.” Essentially, this was a charter that officially sanctioned corporate pirates, by the Queen herself, to compete with the Dutch spice traders and war with anyone who got in the way.

The governance of the company was in the hands of one governor and 24 directors or “committees”, who made up the Court of Directors, much like the central banking system of the Warlord Banking Families of Italy. They, in turn, reported to the Court of Proprietors, which appointed them, and then Ten committees reported to the Court of Directors. Essentially, it was a highly successful corporation acting as a monopoly.

The British East India Company was not the only monopolized corporate/pirate venture that the Queen developed. The Levant Company was an English chartered company formed in 1592. Elizabeth I approved its initial charter in 1581 when the Venice Company (1583) and the Turkey Company (1581) merged, because their charters had expired. Its initial charter was good for seven years and was granted to Edward Osborne, Richard Staper, Thomas Smith, and William Garret with the purpose of regulating English trade with the Ottoman Empire and the Levant. The company remained in continuous existence until being superseded in 1825.

A member of the Levant Company was known as a Turkey Merchant. Turkish opium was bought by the Levant Company as well as weapons. The Levant Company also encompassed American merchants before 1811 who bought Turkish opium. These merchants would sell the opium to the Chinese, beginning in 1806. Among these American Turkey merchants were members of the famous Astor family.

From these beginnings in weaponized corporate imperialism, we can see how the later war-mongering attitude of the British led to a United Kingdom, upon which the ‘sun never sets.’ British warlord politics has drawn America into one war after the next. It was the British East India and Dutch East India companies that were behind the American Revolution through trade and tax manipulation with the Northern colonies and slavery and cotton trade with Southern colonies. Those same forces have continued to be part of every war since that time. It is not ideologies of politics that create war, it is the work of warlord banking practices and the continued worship of Mammon through the greedy misuse of money.

Corporate Corruption

Bank of America

• In 2014, Bank of America paid out the largest settlement in history (at the time) for financial fraud leading up to and during the mortgage crisis of 2008.
• The U.S. government concluded that Bank of America helped exacerbate the financial crisis by engaging in unlawful conduct.
• Bank of America lied to investors about the quality of its residential mortgage-backed securities, but it also was responsible for the origination and underwriting of many of the bad mortgages in the first place.

Citigroup

• In 2014, Citigroup settled with federal and state agencies for $7 billion for its role in the 2008 financial crisis for knowing the mortgages it had sold were bad while representing the securitized mortgages as good investments.

Goldman Sachs

• Goldman Sachs has been charged with representing toxic securities to investors.
• They were charged $5 billion in fines for misleading investors about residential mortgage-backed securities.
• Goldman Sachs was held culpable for its role in helping ignite the 2008 Global Financial Crisis.

Credit Suisse

• Credit Suisse has been charged with corporate secrecy mixed with tax evasion and fined $2.88 billion pleading guilty to criminal charges of helping U.S. citizens evade taxes
• Credit Suisse helped 22,000 Americans evade taxes, but the bank did not have to reveal its clients’ names.

Who Owns the Military Industrial Complex?

Now let’s look at the shareholders of the top military contractors for America, who we call the Corporate or Bankster Warlords, to see what connections they might have to the British Crown’s investments.

Vanguard Group, State Street Corp, Capital Research Global Investors, Templeton Investment Counsel LLC, Barclays Bank Plc, BlackRock Investment Management (UK) Ltd., Schroder Investment Management, Capital World Investors, Bank of America Corporation, JPMorgan Chase & Co., Bank of New York Mellon Corp, Black Rock Advisors, Black Rock Fund Advisors, Old Republic International, Wellington Management Company, BlackRock Institutional Trust Company, N. A., Evercore Trust Company, N. A., FMR, LLC, , Invesco Ltd., Franklin Resources, Goldman Sachs Group Inc., T. Rowe Price Group, Inc.

What is worth noting about this list is that you can find some of the usual suspects: Rothschilds, Rockefellers, Morgans, Warburgs, and the rest of the Bankster Warlords behind some of these names.

See also: https://aim4truth.org/2017/02/18/who-really-owns-the-military-industrial-complex-the-highland-forum-exposed/

The Vanguard Group

Vanguard is the largest investor in companies that have the greatest number of U.S. military contracts. Vanguard is the “poster corporation” for the military industrial complex that sells war to both sides and profits double. Vanguard is also a criminal enterprise that has been sued many times and has avoided approximately $65 billion in taxes through spurious means. Vanguard is beyond a monopoly – they are the modern version of economic fascism.

Banks – Vanguard is the largest stockholder in JPMorgan, Bank of America, Blackrock, Citigroup, Deutsche Bank, Goldman Sachs, Morgan Stanley, Royal Bank of Canada, State Street Corp, UBS, Wells Fargo.

Telecom – Vanguard is the largest stockholder in AT&T, Verizon, CenturyLink, Frontier Communications, T-Mobile.

Media – Vanguard is the largest stockholder in 21st Century Fox, ABC, CBS, CNN (Time Warner), Comcast (NBC), Disney, News Corp, Viacom.

Internet/Technology – Vanguard is the largest stockholder in IBM, Samsung, Canon, Intel, Google, Qualcomm, GE, Microsoft, LG Corp, Taiwan Semiconductor, Sony, Apple, Facebook, Amazon, Baidu ADR, Cisco, Dell/VMWare, Genentech, Juniper Networks, Netflix, Oracle, Twitter, Verisign, Visa, Wal-Mart, Xerox, Zynga.

Big Pharma – Vanguard is the largest stockholder in Abbott Labs, Abbvie, Amgen, Biogen, Bristol-Meyers Squibb, Eli Lilly, Gilead Sciences, Johnson & Johnson, Merck, Novartis, Pfizer, Roche.

Military – Vanguard is the largest shareholder in BAE Systems, Boeing, General Dynamics, Humana, L3 Communications, Lockheed-Martin (second largest), Northrop Grumman, Raytheon, United Technologies.

Corruption

Vanguard Healthcare LLC has agreed to pay more than $18 million to resolve a Medicare and Medicaid fraud case. The company billed Medicare and Medicaid for “grossly substandard” nursing home services. As a result, several Vanguard entities have reorganized in bankruptcy and agreed to pay more than $5.1 million toward the settlement. Two other company entities are liquidating in order to pay $13.5 million in allowed claims. The agreement has also ended a claim brought by the U.S. against Vanguard’s majority owner, CEO William Orand, and Mark Miller, the company’s former director of operations. The two parties will pay $250,000.

Three investors are suing Vanguard Group for alleged negligence and breach of fiduciary duty, saying that changes the company made to target-date retirement funds resulted in “massive tax bills” for individual investors. Their lawsuit, which is seeking class action status on behalf of customers who invested in Vanguard’s target retirement funds, is seeking compensation for “hundreds of millions of dollars” in harm to thousands of investors. The lawsuit says that changes Vanguard made benefited institutional investors but left individual investors with taxable accounts “holding the tax bag.” Approximately $1.8 trillion was invested in target-date mutual funds as of June 30, 2021, according to the Investment Company Institute. The investors’ lawsuit, which was filed March 14 in a federal court in Philadelphia, stems from changes Vanguard made in late 2020.

State Street Corporation was ordered in 2021 to pay $115 million in criminal penalties and enter into deferred prosecution agreement in connection with a scheme to overcharge custody customers for expenses related to the bank’s custody of client assets. The financial giant will be held accountable for fraudulent conduct and stealing $290 million.

The Big-Three Fund Managers

BlackRock, Vanguard, and State Street manage a stunning $15 trillion in combined assets, equivalent to more than three-quarters the size of the US economy. The rapid growth of the Big Three fund managers gives them enormous sway over financial markets and the priorities of Corporate America. Combined, BlackRock, State Street and Vanguard are the largest owner in 88% of the S&P 500 companies. For instance, the Big Three hold leading stakes in companies including Apple, JPMorgan Chase, and Pfizer. It is obvious we need to break up the Big Three by revamping Dodd-Frank, the 2010 Wall Street reform law.

BlackRock, the world’s largest asset manager, has a stake of at least 5% in a stunning 97.5% of the companies in the S&P 500. BlackRock manages more than $87 billion worth of shares in fossil fuel companies and is so powerful that the federal government has asked for its help during each of the past two recessions. In March, the Federal Reserve tapped BlackRock to manage a first-of-its kind vehicle to buy corporate debt, including junk bonds.

The Big Three are heavyweights in the ETF industry. BlackRock’s iShares platform alone managed $2.3 trillion by the 3Q of this 2020. State Street’s SPDR family of ETFs and Vanguard ETFs are also very popular. The Big Three are responsible for between 73% and 80% of the global ETF market and sponsor 45 of the 50 largest funds.

The Fate of Warlord Banking

The influence of Italian, Venetian, German, Dutch, and British banking families has now been laid out for you to reveal the banking-family dynasties that created the economic forces behind European monarchs, popes, and nations for the last nine hundred years. Often this influence was in the form of wars, debtor-prisons, piracy, resource fleecing, militarized mercantilism, and thousands of other evil machinations which were consciously or unconsciously offered up to the demon Mammon.

The creation of currency and money, both minted and fiat, tends to create a broad road to hell. It is the unconscious use of money that feeds this monster. Money should be seen as a beautiful representation of human labor, human will-power that is “stored-up.”

When money is deposited in a bank and the bank uses it to “make money” – evil sets in. When usury takes advantage of the poor and then locks them up for non-payment – evil sets in. When making money is more important than helping others – evil sets in. When money is more important than love – evil has won.

The desire for more and more is simply greed (Mammon), and there is no end to covetousness, it cannot be satiated. The desire to have more than others is envy and covetousness which breeds jealousy and leads to lust, gluttony, anger, hatred, and many other evils. Few people who have had a great deal of money have taken on the moral responsibilities that should come with wealth and have fallen into dark and immoral places that resemble the realms of hell that Dante described. Often, the richest people are the most miserable and have lost the ability to feel simple love or experience simple pleasures. Mammon has promised their cold hearts more, more, more – but left them unfulfilled and unhappy. The desire for money, power, and control cannot be satiated ever. We have seen this with the Warlord Banking Families who keep selling more of their souls to Mammon, and other demons, so that they can have ultimate power and endless money. Such power and money “costs” the person who gains them more than they know. Mammon demands sacrifices from his followers, and thus we see the need to offer up human lives through war to the demons of money, just as the Babylonians offered children to the demon Moloch to consume. Warmongers and banksters sell their souls to numerous demons.

The effects of these Warlord Banking Families are not only found in the past but are found in almost all central banks throughout the world to this very day. The evidence is well-hidden in corporate legal maneuvers, off-shore accounts, and fake philanthropic groups, but when you dig deep you will find that it is the same old warlords and warmongers doing the same old bankster scams and frauds that have been going on since Babylonian times. We will also find that even the same evil demons are worshiped in the same old fashion in many instances. These rich elite believe they are above all laws and that they are global oligarchs (lords) while the rest of us are their slaves (servants) in a debt-slave, prison camp called the Kingdom of Oligarchs, Warlord Banksters, and Evil Brokers.

This article is the basis of what is needed as an overview of the past if you wish to understand Warlord Banksters and Brokers in the fashion that the Anonymous Patriots refer to them. We have joined forces with the researchers at Americans4Innovation to help reveal the 200-year plan that these Warlord Banking Families have plotted out for the future of the world. This plan began with people like Lord Shelburne and Jeremy Bentham’s propaganda and led to Cecil Rhodes and Alfred Milner, whose Round Table politics has driven war-policy for the Anglo-American Alliance. What was needed to fully understand what this 100-year plan was all about was the understanding of the genesis and development of these economic predators in the past – especially those banking families that are still powerful forces in global economics today.

Much of what the Anonymous Patriots reveal in our research is disconcerting to those who have not studied history outside of the mainstream propaganda found in history books produced by the banking oligarchs who don’t want true history to be known. We cannot apologize for the grotesque and evil practices of these banksters. In our research, we needed to connect to the oligarch’s insatiable desire for money – the worship of Mammon. But we can point out that consciousness is all that is needed to shine the disinfecting light of day on the dark works of demon worshipers, until they melt away completely. Simple solutions will end Mammon’s control of nations, war, poverty, and evil.

All we have to do to melt down the economic warlords and warmongers is put an end to all off-shore accounts that fleece countries. These accounts have amassed so much money that the money cannot be repatriated into the countries it was stolen from without crashing that economy. This type of grotesque wealth is an illness and a crime that must be dealt with as such. The monarchy of England has more money in off-shore accounts than the total amount of currency in the world, according to many accounts. The rogue CIA (Pilgrims Society) has more gold than the total of all American gold reserves. They keep this gold bullion in Swiss numbered accounts in the gold vaults of Zurich. All of this wealth was acquired illegally and could be seized by those it was stolen from. We know who stole it, how they took it, and where they put it. Evil is clever, but never wise and therefore easy to recognize in the light of day, and quite easy to stop. The paths to hell are well-worn and seldom new and inventive. They are the paths of the same old seven deadly sins that have tempted humans since consciousness was born.

Following the path of the 200-year plan of evil is easy when you know who you are dealing with and how they accomplish their machinations. Once you understand the logic of evil, based solely on selfishness, it is easy to pull the rug out from underneath the people standing on that rug. For instance, in America, to defeat a large part of this evil we only have to default on the $25 trillion debt to the Federal Reserve because it was a fraud from the beginning – a bankster fiat money scam based on onerous war-debt. This type of fraud creates debt which is known from its inception to be impossible to repay – thus, perpetual debt enslavement. ‘We the People’ owe the Federal Reserve nothing; in fact, the Fed owes us. Once there is no more war-debt to the Fed, we won’t need payroll taxes, just simple sales tax paid by everyone, including the rich elite and corporations. We can also charge a tax for each purchase on the stock and commodity markets and then America will be richer than anyone can imagine. Just stop the theft from non-tax paying warlords, banksters, brokers, and warmongers and every American could be freed from debt-enslavement.

Once humans realize that their daily actions constitute their own personal “religion”, and that what they think about is what they “worship” – freedom can come from cutting the ties to economic predators that hinder the development of higher thinking, personal development, and spiritual advancement. If you can free yourself from the brainwashing of predator economics that is hiding under the guise of free-market capitalism and find a new way to relate to money as stored human effort, we can place the free, spiritual human being at the core of our economics, politics, and beliefs and remove the evil influences that have been spawned by money and Mammon being at the center of our lives. We can become free when we love our work, and the efforts of our work are not tinged by the darkness of Mammon’s tools but are recognized as the efforts of love that each human has to share with others. Selflessness destroys Mammon and the selfish pursuit of money when a pious soul shares money like they share love with their own children.

Bibliographical References

History of Banking Families

The Federal Reserve Cartel: The Eight Families (Part 1 of 4)

https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/how-venetian-system-transplanted-england-lucio-forgione

Warburg Family

https://www-altreinfo-org.translate.goog/nuovo-ordine-mondiale/25213/j-warburg-avremo-un-governo-mondiale-che-vi-piaccia-o-no-col-consenso-o-con-la-forza-elena-dorian/?_x_tr_sl=it&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en&_x_tr_pto=sc

https://alchetron.com/Warburg-family

https://www.encyclopedia.com/religion/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/del-banco-anselmo

Procurators of Saint Mark

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Procurators_of_Saint_Mark

US Federal Reserve

The Federal Reserve Cartel, Part II: The Freemason Bank of the US & The House of Rothschild

Alexander Hamilton and American/British (Anglo-American) Banking from Americans4Innovation and Aim4Truth.org

WHY IS THE MUSICAL “HAMILTON” SO POPULAR WITH THE RADICAL COMMUNIST LEFT?

https://americans4innovation.blogspot.com/2022/04/why-is-musical-hamilton-so-popular-with.html

Alexander Hamilton – Truth History Reveals Him to be a Traitor to the United States

Alexander Hamilton Takes Control Over Early Banks in America

Boston Bankers

Pilgrims Society and Boston Brahmins Rule America. Period.

The British monarch plot to undermine the property grants claimed by the Plymouth Pilgrims

Hiding American opium trade by the Boston Brahmins

Boston Brahmin Russell Sturgis and Baring Brothers of London

The Masked Boston Brahmin Elitist

Who Owns the Military Industrial Complex

Who Really Owns the Military Industrial Complex: The Highland Group Exposed

Corporate Warlord Corruption

EXPOSED: All the Queen’s Agents and Corporations that Control the World

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Addendum

Many thanks to our American Intelligence Media community for financial support in preparing this chapter of our TRUTH HISTORY book, which you can find at:

Truth History of the Modern World through Leader Technologies, Inc. v Facebook Case History

Truth History

This video is available on Brighton here: https://www.brighteon.com/3d6f39ec-b65c-471b-99d0-94aca10b9cd1

Notes from the program:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Starlink

Starlink is a satellite internet constellation operated by SpaceX, As of April 2022 Starlink consists of over 2,100 mass-produced small satellites in low Earth orbit (LEO), which communicate with designated ground transceivers.

In February 2017, documents indicated that SpaceX expects more than $30 billion in revenue by 2025 from its satellite constellation, while revenues from its launch business were expected to reach $5 billion in the same year.

On 15 October 2019, the United States Federal Communications Commission (FCC) submitted filings to the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) on SpaceX’s behalf to arrange spectrum for 30,000 additional Starlink satellites to supplement the 12,000 Starlink satellites already approved by the FCC.[8]

https://www.fiercewireless.com/wireless/musk-says-starlink-satellite-broadband-complements-fiber-5g

In June 2004, the newly formed company SpaceX acquired a stake in Surrey Satellite Technology (SSTL) (UK) [ESSENTIALLY BAE – British Aerospace (BAE Systems plc] as part of a “shared strategic vision” with NASA and DoD. SSTL was at that time working to extend the Internet into space.[16] However, SpaceX’s stake was eventually sold back to EADS Astrium (now Airbus Group – Airbus, Airbus Defence and Space, Airbus Helicopters) in 2008 after the company became more focused on navigation and Earth observation.[17] EADS Astrium Satellites employs around 8,348 people on nine sites in the United Kingdom, France, Germany and Spain.

Elon Musk’s SpaceX is controlled by the British Crown (via a “golden share” otherwise called a “Special Share.”

BAE Systems plc, Reg. No. 1470151. (May 26, 2021). Annual Report 2020, Companies House UK. (147 MB)

PDF, p. 175

PDF p.241

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Musk: “. . . the spam bots, and authenticating all humans” Euphemisms

Watch the Form 4 insider trading filings… the real purpose of this kabuki theater. These guys are masters at creating liquidity events via propaganda “narratives” so their upper tier management, officers and directors can profit from the stock bumps or down turns, depending on the objective, in this case an upturn.

https://finance.yahoo.com/quote/TWTR/

https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1418091/000119312522117743/d319190ddefa14a.htm

Advisors

Goldman Sachs & Co. LLC, J.P. Morgan, and Allen & Co. are serving as financial advisors to Twitter, and Wilson Sonsini Goodrich & Rosati, Professional Corporation and Simpson Thacher & Bartlett LLP are serving as legal counsel. Morgan Stanley is acting as lead financial advisor to Mr. Musk. BofA Securities and Barclays are also acting as financial advisors. Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher & Flom LLP is serving as legal counsel.

This is the same crowd of corrupt institutions that hovered around Facebook, Google, etc.

“Free speech is the bedrock of a functioning democracy, and Twitter is the digital town square where matters vital to the future of humanity are debated,” said Mr. Musk. “I also want to make Twitter better than ever by enhancing the product with new features, making the algorithms open source to increase trust, defeating the spam bots, and authenticating all humans. Twitter has tremendous potential – I look forward to working with the company and the community of users to unlock it.”

The Pilgrims Society and Boston Brahmins still rule America and have never given up control. All the garbage you read in your American history classes is British propaganda, fake history, just like main stream media is fake news. Michael McKibben and Douglas Gabriel set the record straight and explain why America has never been free of British rule.

View this video discussion on Brighteon at: https://www.brighteon.com/521e1122-dd83-4d97-9d2a-f7a22b6cd437

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Hiding American opium trade by the Boston Brahmins

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Ketanji Jackson ancestral corruption

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Boston Brahmin Russell Sturgis and Baring Brothers of London

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KETANJI BROWN JACKSON is a Pilgrims Society SCOTUS Pick

Boston Brahmin Russell Sturgis

One of the best known merchants of his time. He was partner of Russell & Sturgis, and of Russell, Sturgis & Co.; of Russell & Co., after the consolidation of the two latter firms. He was later partner and, finally, head of Baring Brothers of London.

http://www.kellscraft.com/captainsboston/captainsboston03.html

Eventually Sturgis entered the firm of Russell & Sturgis of Manila and Russell, Sturgis & Co. of Canton, and in 1840 the latter house consolidated with Russell & Co., Mr. Warren Delano being taken in as a member of the firm. Two years later Russell Sturgis became a part­ner. The East had a great fascination for him, and in fact, for all the men who went out there from Boston.

It was jokingly said in the family that if it had not been for the dilatory expressman Mr. Sturgis would never have become head of the firm of Baring Bros. & Co. He never returned to this country, dying in England in 1887.

Francis Baring was a director of the British East India Company. His sister Elizabeth married John Dunning who was a good friend of Lord Shelburne. Francis’ son Alexander, who married Ann Bingham, the granddaughter of Thomas Willing, formed Sun Alliance Assurance with Nathan Mayer Rothschild in 1824. And the Barings were allegedly involved in running opium and slaves.

Willing appointed Barings the European bankers of The United States.   

Biddle and the Second Bank of the United States (BUS2) continued this arrangement.

The Sixth Great Power : Barings, 1762 – 1929, p 213-215

1. Barings owned a slave plantation, and directed The British East India Company through Francis, and even The Bank of England through Alexander.
2. Alexander Baring negotiated and financed The Louisiana Purchase. At the time Louisiana covered the whole of the middle of what is now the USA.
3. Barings financed the annexation of Texas from Mexico, and the purchase of Alaska from Russia. 
4. Barings financed the purchase by the United States Federal Government, i.e. Lincoln and the north, of Ironclads, which were the new military ships of their day, as well as arms!
5. Benjamin Moran, at the American Legation, noted with approval a speech that Baring made in the House of Commons in May 1864: The man is a gentleman…It is mortifying to me that while he is loyal to us, the only citizen of the United States belonging to his firm, Mr Russell Sturgis, is a rebel sympathizer.’ Sturgis was indeed a considerable embarrassment to his colleagues.

For a glimpse into just how cozy the relationship was between Biddle and Barings see “The House of Baring and the Second Bank of the United States, 1826-1836” by R. W. Hidy in The Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography, Vol. 68, No. 3 (Jul., 1944), pp. 269-285. Barings could easily have let the USA crash any number of times because Biddle went way over the overdraft the USA had with Barings a few times without agreement, and asked for huge credit when the USA was facing financial trouble. This annoyed Barings but they acquiesced and in the end made a huge profit from doing so.

Directors. (1780-1935). 1812, The Bank of England Governors, Deputy Governors and Directors Ledger, M5/437. Bank of England Archive.

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Former Massachusetts Governor William Weld has common Boston Brahmin opium/slave trafficking ancestors with Ketanji Jackson & John Kerry

Weld dramatically failed to disclose his family conspiracies with the Boston Brahmin secret society that engaged in massive slavery and opium trafficking as the foundation of their family wealth, including using opium income to found Credit Suisse, First Boston, Merrill Lynch, Walmart

Weld’s wealth is blood-money, along with Kerry’s and Jackson’s

Gov. William Weld

• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill_Weld
• https://www.mintz.com/our-people/william-f-weld
• http://pfds.opensecrets.org/N00000265_2018_Pres.pdf
• Fake News: https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2019/us/politics/bill-weld-executive-power.html
• 68th Governor of Massachusetts (1991-97)
• Harvard, Oxford
• U.S. Attorney, Massachusetts

An American opium schooner operated by an ancestor of MA Gov. William Weld, Robert Bennet Forbes, also an ancestor of former Senator John Forbes Kerry.

Boston Brahmin American opium trafficking schooner “The Nile”

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PDF, p. 92

White, Weld & Co. is a privately held global financial services firm engaged in asset management, investment advisory, investment banking and other capital market activities. Relaunched in 2012, the business is headquartered in Chicago. Previously, White, Weld & Co. was a Boston-based investment bank, historically managed by Boston Brahmins until its sale to Merrill Lynch in 1978. The Weld family name can be traced back to the founding of Massachusetts in the 1630s.

White, Weld & Co. was founded in Boston in the nineteenth century, originally to finance overseas trade. 

One of the firm’s most prominent transactions in its final period was the IPO of Walmart in 1970 with Stephens Inc.

Relationship with Credit Suisse[edit]

One of its most successful ventures was an international investment banking partnership founded in 1970 by Robert L. Genillard as a Managing Partner of White, Weld & Co, with Credit Suisse, called Société Anonyme du Credit Suisse et de White Weld – or Credit Suisse White Weld. Sir John Craven, later head of Morgan Grenfell, led Credit Suisse White Weld from 1975 to 1978. Furthermore, Oswald Gruebel, Credit Suisse chief from 2004 to 2007, began his career in 1970 at Credit Suisse White Weld. When White Weld was purchased by Merrill Lynch, it left the partnership with Credit Suisse and was replaced by First Boston thus creating the Credit Suisse First Boston business in London. The Swiss private banking division of White Weld, founded in 1954 as White Weld & Co. AG, became Clariden Leu.

https://richashell.com/financial-literacy/banks-sell-drugs-part-iii

John Gardner b. Apr. 14, 1661; d. Jul. 18, 1722; m. Elizabeth Weld, Jan. 11, 1704

John was son of Capt. Samuel Gardner b. ca. 1647

PDF, p. 64

PDF, p. 73

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John married Elizabeth Weld

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PDF, p. 93

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https://ancestors.familysearch.org/en/LZZZ-SGJ/elizabeth-weld-1675-1770

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https://ancestors.familysearch.org/en/LZZZ-SGJ/elizabeth-weld-1675-1770

https://ancestors.familysearch.org/en/LYVV-W2G/john-gardner-1706-1784

https://ancestors.familysearch.org/en/LVK3-1JX/thomas-gardner-sr.-1756-1815

Dr. Edward Weld, married Mary (Higginson) Gardner, widow of Thomas Gardner[3] (Thomas,[2] Thomas[1]).

PDF, p. 93

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https://www.geni.com/people/Dr-Edward-Weld/6000000010801956260

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weld_family

Isabel Weld Perkins (1876–1948), daughter of Anna Minot Weld and Commodore George H. Perkins, was another grandchild of William Fletcher Weld and inherited $5.5 million of his wealth.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_H._Perkins

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https://richashell.com/financial-literacy/perkins-family

Thoma Hansasyd Perkins

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Handasyd_Perkins

Colonel Thomas Handasyd Perkins, also known as T. H. Perkins (December 15, 1764 – January 11, 1854), was an American merchant, slave trader, smuggler and philanthropist from a wealthy Boston Brahmin family. Starting with bequests from his grandfather and father-in-law, he amassed a huge fortune. As a young man, he traded slaves in Saint-Domingue, worked as a maritime fur trader trading furs from the American Northwest to China, and then turned to smuggling Turkish opium into China.^[2][3] His philanthropic contributions include the Perkins School for the Blind, renamed in his honor; the Boston Museum of Fine Arts; McLean Hospital; along with having a hand in founding the Massachusetts General Hospital.

In 1785, when China opened the port of Canton to foreign businesses, Perkins became one of the first Boston merchants to engage in the China trade. He sailed as supercargo on the Astrea, captain James Magee, owned by Elias Hasket Derby,^[6] to Canton in 1789 with a cargo including ginseng, cheese, lard, wine, and iron. On the trip back it carried tea and silk cloth.^[7] In 1815, Perkins and his brother James opened a Mediterranean office to buy Turkish opium for resale in China.^[5]

Perkins was also a major industrial investor within Massachusetts. He owned the Granite Railway, the first commercial American railroad, which was built to carry granite from Quincy quarries to Charlestown for construction of the Bunker Hill Monument and other city buildings in Boston. He also held significant holdings in the Elliot textile mills in Newton, the mills at Holyoke and Lowell, New England canals and railroads, and lead and iron mines including the Monkton Iron Company in Vergennes, Vermont. In addition, Perkins was politically active in the Federalist Party, serving terms as state senator and representative from 1805–1817. Additionally, he invested in many of the mills on Lowell, MA including Appleton Mills.^[8]

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R.B. (Robert Bennet) Forbes is an ancestor of John Forbes Kerry

T.H. Perkins is an ancestor of former Massachusetts Governor William Weld.

Perkins is an ancestor of British Pilgrims Society venture capitalist Kleiner, Perkins that has funded AOL, Amazon, Electronic Arts, Genentech, Square, Google, Sun, Twitter, Colin Powell, John Doerr, Al Gore, Ted Schlein (MI6-CIA), Cisco, National Venture Capital Association (NVCA), etc.

Boston Brahmins beneficiaries of British opium and white slave trafficking:

Basil Lubbock (1876-1944). (1933). The Opium Clippers. Brown, Son & Ferguson, Glasgow.

Click to access 1933-The-Opium-Clippers-by-Basil-Lubbock-(1876-1944)-Brown-Son-Ferguson-Glasgow-1933.pdf

Robert Bennet (“R.B.”) Forbes

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Bennet_Forbes

PDF, p. 307

Relative of John Forbes Kerry
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Forbes_Kerry

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Rothschild and Barings financing of American opium and black, brown and white slave trafficking

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PDF, p. 45

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PDF, p. 56

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PDF, p. 167

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Hiding American opium trade by the Boston Brahmins

PDF, p. 121

Forbes, Peabody, Salem, Boston

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Thomas H. Perkins

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Handasyd_Perkins

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John R. Russell

PDF, p. 121

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PDF, p. 142

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Colonial Charters, Grants and Related Documents. (1492-1778). General, CT, DE, GA, ME, MD, MA, NH, NJ, NY, NC, PA, RI, SC, VT, VA. Yale Law School.

Colonial Charters, Grants and Related Documents. (1492-1778). General, CT, DE, GA, ME, MD, MA, NH, NJ, NY, NC, PA, RI, SC, VT, VA, 287 pgs. Yale Law School.

Click to access 1492-1778-Colonial-Charters-Grants-and-Related-Documents-General-CT-DE-GA-ME-MD-MA-NH-NJ-NY-NC-PA-RI-SC-VT-VA-287-pgs-Yale-Law-School-to-1778-from-1492.pdf

Includes transcription of this Massachusetts Bay Colony Charter (1629), PDF p. 107.

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Tech venture capitalist Kleiner Perkins (Google, Walmart, Twitter, Sun, First Boston, Credit Suisse, Merrill Lynch, etc.), Malcolm Forbes, John Forbes Kerry, Ketanji (Gardner-Weld-Russell-Perkins-Amory-Lowell-Pickering-Peabody) Jackson all gained their wealth from the 19^th century British opium trade of the Boston Brahmins

PDF, p. 92

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The Nile

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